基于开路电压特性的动力电池健康状态诊断与估计  

State of health diagnosis and estimation of power lithium-ion batteries based on open circuit voltage characteristic

作　　者：姜久春[1] 马泽宇[1] 李雪[1] 张彩萍[1] 张维戈[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心,北京100044

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2016年第4期92-98,共7页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(51277010)

摘　　要：电池系统复杂的配置和严苛、不确定性的工作环境造成的电池衰退过程极为复杂.为了准确地实施电池系统的管理与控制以保证其高效、可靠和安全运行,有效的电池健康状态诊断与估计必不可少.利用容量增量分析和差分电压分析等原位电化学分析方法对电池开路电压特性变化进行分析,建立电池容量衰退与其衰退机理的量化关系,追溯到电池衰退的源头,从衰退机理角度对电池健康状态进行更真实和更准确的诊断.同时,建立基于电池开路电压曲线的容量估计模型用于电池健康状态估计,该模型不仅能捕捉电池内部不同阶段电化学反应特性,而且具有较高的精度和鲁棒性.在电池全生命周期内,该模型估计误差均小于4%.Due to the complex configuration for battery system and demanding and uncertain operation conditions,it is still very challenging to understand battery aging process and related degradation mechanisms.In order to ensure the efficient,reliable and safe operation of the battery system,effective diagnosis and estimation of the battery state of health（SOH）is essential for the accurate battery management and control.Here the changes of open circuit voltage（OCV）characteristic is analyzed to establish a quantitative relationship between battery capacity fade and its degradation mechanisms,using in-situ electrochemical analysis methods,such as incremental capacity analysis and differential voltage analysis.Then a more realistic and accurate diagnosis of battery SOH from the perspective of the degradation mechanism is done.And a capacity estimation model based on OCV is proposed for battery SOH estimation,which not only captures the electrochemical reaction characteristics at different cell aging stages but also has high accuracy and robustness.The results show that the model errors are less than 4% of the nominal capacity during the whole life span of the batteries.

关 键 词：锂离子电池 健康状态 容量增量分析 差分电压分析 容量估计模型 

分 类 号：TM912.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]