考试应激对大学生心理状态和咬合功能的影响  

The influence of examination stress on the psychological status and occlusal function of college students

作　　者：董腾哲 孙仕晨 陈刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学口腔医学院解剖生理教研室,300070 [2]天津医科大学口腔医学院颌面外科,300070

出　　处：《实用口腔医学杂志》2016年第5期674-677,共4页Journal of Practical Stomatology

摘　　要：目的:评估考试作为一过性应激事件对在校大学生心理健康和咬合功能的影响。方法:47名学生志愿者[17男,30女;(19.30±1.53)岁],无咬合异常。于期末考试前一周和假期后一周分别用SCL-90量表评估心理状态,检测紧咬与咀嚼不同类型食物块时颞肌和咬肌的肌电活动。结果:受试者躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑和偏执5个因子改变明显(P<0.05)。配对t检验分析咀嚼肌功能表明,咬肌重叠指数在咀嚼胡萝卜和活动指数在咀嚼山楂糕时差异有统计学意义(P=0.014,0.018),其他咀嚼状态指标未见显著改变。结论:考试应激显著影响大学生心理水平,咬合功能无明显改变。Objective： To evaluate the influence of examination as a transient stressful life event on the psychological status and occlusal function of college students. Methods： 47 student volunteers（ 17 males, 30 females; aged 19.30 - 1.53 years） with normal occlusion were enrolled. SCL-90 questionnaire for evaluation of psychological status and surface electromyography for assessment of masseter and temporalis activities in maximum voluntary teeth clenching and in chewing different foods were performed at two stages （stage 1： one week before final academic examination; stage 2： one week after spring festival holiday）. Results： Scores of questionnaire evaluation of psychological status showed obvious change in factors of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and paranoid ideation（P 〈 0.05 ）. Paired t-test analysis of masticatory muscle function showed changes only in percentage overlapping coefficient（ POC ） of masseters in chewing carrot and activity index（AC） in chewing preserved haw jelly（ P = 0. 014 and 0. 018 respectively）. However, other chewing status and indexes were not significantly changed. Conclusion： The psychological status of college students can be significantly impacted by examination stress without influence on masticatory activities.

关 键 词：考试 量表 咀嚼 肌电图 心理 咬合功能 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] R782[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]