白肋烟烟叶含水率与高温贮藏过程中TSNA形成的关系  

The relationship between moisture content and TSNA formation in burley tobacco during high temperature storage

作　　者：孙榅淑 王俊[1] 许东亚[1] 周骏[2] 白若石[2] 马雁军[2] 杨惠娟[1] 焦哲恒 史宏志[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]上海烟草集团北京卷烟厂,北京100024

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2016年第4期38-43,共6页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局减害重大专项项目:110201301022(JH-03)

摘　　要：对不同含水率的白肋烟烟叶进行高温贮藏试验,并分别向高含水率和低含水率烟叶添加硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐后高温贮藏,测定贮藏前后烟叶的TSNA含量。结果表明:1)经45℃高温贮藏15 d后,含水率越高的烟叶,TSNA含量越低,含水率超过17.5%后趋于稳定。2)细化梯度试验中,低含水率烟叶经45℃高温贮藏15 d后,随着烟叶含水率从7.7%增加到15.3%,四种TSNA含量和TSNA总量逐渐降低,烟叶含水率高于15.3%后,TSNA总量趋于稳定。3)添加亚硝酸盐再经60℃高温贮藏15 d的高含水率烟叶和低含水率烟叶TSNA含量均大幅度增加,而添加硝酸盐的高含水率烟叶处理TSNA含量增幅较小,低含水率烟叶处理TSNA含量增幅很大,所以低含水率烟叶硝态氮比高含水率烟叶硝态氮更易生成亚硝酸等氮氧化物是造成高温贮藏过程中TSNAs大量形成的主要原因。研究认为,在保证烟叶不霉变的前提下适当增加贮藏湿度有利于减少贮藏过程TSNAs的形成。Burley tobacco leaves with varied moisture content levels were stored at high temperature environment. Burley tobacco leaves with high and low moisture content were stored at high temperature environment after adding nitrate and nitrite separately. All samples before and after high temperature storage were measured for TSNAs. Results indicated that the TSNA contents decreased with the increment of moisture content after 45℃ storage for 15 d. While moisture content was higher than 17.5%, the total TSNA content tended to be stable. After 45℃ storage for 15 d, four individual TSNA content and the total TSNA content in burley tobacco with detailed moisture content decreased as the moisture content increased from 7.7% to 15.3%. While the moisture content was higher than 15.3%, the total TSNA content tended to be stable. After 60℃ storage for 15 d, nitrite sprays caused a very marked increase of TSNA contents in both the low and high moisture tobaccos, nevertheless, nitrate sprays caused a much smaller increase of TSNA contents in the high moisture tobacco but a significant increase in the low moisture tobacco. Nitrate more easily produced nitrite and other gaseous NOx in low moisture tobacco than high moisture tobacco during high temperature storage was the main reason for increased TSNA formation. Proper increase of the moisture content of cured tobacco would be effective pathways to reduce TSNA formation during high temperature storage.

关 键 词：白肋烟 含水率 贮藏 TSNAS 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]