宝天高速公路路域土壤微生物群落特征的比较研究  

The comparative study of soil microbial community characteristics in Baotian expressway

作　　者：张克弟 巨天珍[1] 任艺彬 惠亚梅[1] 王继伟[1] 张建华 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所,甘肃天水741022

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第4期134-141,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161080);甘肃省科技计划项目(2010GS05134)

摘　　要：土壤微生物生态变化对于监测和分析重大工程之后土壤生态系统的恢复与治理有重要的意义。通过对宝天高速公路路域与林区(对照区)典型植被下的土壤微生物特征进行对比分析,得出结果如下:1、路域土壤微生物总量在4.45×10~6cfu·g^(–1)dw—1.21×10^(10) cfu·g^(–1)dw之间,路域土壤细菌和放线菌的数量多于对照区,而真菌数量少于对照区;路域土壤细菌和真菌种属组成均少于对照区;功能菌数量如解钾硅酸盐细菌、有机磷分解菌以及固氮菌数量都低于对照区;2、土壤微生物分布格局是距离道路路边由近及远,微生物中细菌、放线菌数量呈增加趋势,真菌数量呈减少趋势;3、土壤微生物三大类群和功能菌与植被类型、植被覆盖度、土壤含水率以及海拔相关。The ecological changes of soil microbion are significant to monitor and analyze the recovery and governance of soil ecosystem after the effect of major projects. By studying the soil microbial characteristics under the typical vegetation of Baotian Highway Road area and forest（the controlled area）, the results can be obtained as follows. 1. The total amount of highway soil microbion is between 4.45×10^6cfu·g^–1 dw and 1.21×10^10 cfu·g^–1 dw. The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes in the expressway is more than the forest region, but the number of fungi is relatively less than the controlled area. Besides, the soil bacteria and fungi species are also less than the controlled area. The total quantities of functional bacteria such as silicate bacteria, organic phosphorus decomposing bacteria and nitrogen fixing bacteria are lower than the forest region. 2. According to the integral change trend, the amounts of microbial bacteria and actinomyces quantity are increasing, but the number of fungi is decreasing from the near rodeside to the distant. 3. These three soil microbial groups and functional bacteria are related to vegetation type, vegetation coverage, soil moisture content and altitude.

关 键 词：微生物群落 路域土壤 分布格局 宝天高速公路 西秦岭 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]