“我将安所适乎?”——再论晚明士人城市交游与士林心态  

“Where Should I Go?”: The Urban Social Networks and Mentality of Late Ming Literati Revisited

作　　者：罗晓翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院

出　　处：《史林》2016年第4期1-8,共8页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目"明清江南城市记忆与都市心态研究"(16BZS028)阶段性成果

摘　　要：明中后期,士人城市交游活动日益频繁,成为一种独特的文化现象。一般认为,这是科举制度下士人另辟生路的途径,是对科举价值的反抗,与此同时,士人们通过交游进入一个艺林场域,从而获得文化资本与身份认同。本文指出,"士人群体"是由庇主与门客两个阶层构成的,划分阶层的标准正是功名与官职。城市交游非但不能抗衡科举价值,反而强化了功名意识。艺林场域不产生内生权力,对于门客而言,交游中建立的声名与人际网络难以推动个人社会身份上行流动。身处社交网络中的底层士人往往被紧张、矛盾的心态所折磨,难以自处。In late Ming Dynasty,literati’s social activities in urban centers were increasingly popular,which became a unique cultural label of that period.Instead of fighting against the civil-service examination,the urban social network in fact reinforced this system.The art field generated no power from itself.For clients,the fame and social relationship acquired from their social activities could hardly result in upward social mobility.Literati struggling at the margins were constantly tortured by tension and ambivalence,sometimes found no room to posit themselves.

关 键 词：晚明 城市交游 赞助人 门客 场域 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]