北周政权察举制度考释  

Official Election System at North Zhou Dynasty

作　　者：黄寿成[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,西安710019

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第5期106-115,共10页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"北朝时期民族认同及区域文化研究"(13BZS086)

摘　　要：一般认为北朝都实行曹魏开创的九品中正制。但是通过具体的研究却发现,北周政权并没有继续沿用九品中正制,而是恢复了汉代的察举制度。为什么会是这样呢?大概与九品中正制已经走向没落,北周权力核心的组成人员出身不高,生活在该地区的士族实力较弱、地位不太显赫有关;也与该地区文化相对落后,统治核心成员实在想不出更好的选官制度不无关系。不过,察举制度也并非北周政权选官的主要途径,而且在实施中也存在着诸多缺陷。It is generally agreed that the Northern Zhou Dynasties elected officials by following the system of nine ranks practiced in the Wei Dynasties.However,my recent research reveals that that is not true;in fact,they succeeded in the recommendation system set up by Emperor Wu（141-86BC）in Han Dynasty（206BC-220AD）,which differs from the hereditary system in the Pre-Qin times and also from the imperial examination system in Sui and Tang Dynasties.Why so？It is probable that that is related to the status quo of the Northern Zhou Dynasties that lack proper candidates from the official ranks or that the culture is comparatively backward such that the kernel members from the ruling class are unable to work out a better system.Nevertheless,the recommendation system is not the only main way of official selection and it has drawbacks of its own.

关 键 词：北周政权 察举制度 九品中正制 科举制 

分 类 号：K239.25[历史地理—历史学]