面孔的表情信息优先于性别信息加工：来自直接比较的证据  

The Priority of Facial Expression over Gender in Information Processing: Evidence from a Direct Comparison

作　　者：蒋重清[1] 郭姗姗[1] 刘丽莎[1] 郑怡[1] 陈晓宇[1] 王爽[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,辽宁省儿童青少年健康人格评定与培养协同创新中心,大连116029

出　　处：《心理科学》2016年第5期1045-1050,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(31271107);教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目(11YJC190010);辽宁省儿童人格发展与教育创新团队(WT2013007)的资助

摘　　要：为了探讨面孔知觉时表情或性别信息加工优先性的问题,要求被试对不同时长窗口中呈现的一系列面孔刺激的性别或者表情做出判断。两类任务的排列设置分为完全随机(实验1、2)和随机区组(实验3)。结果一致发现在面孔刺激呈现时间为12ms和50ms时,面孔表情信息识别比面孔性别信息识别更准确。由此推论,面孔知觉中面孔表情信息加工优先于面孔性别信息加工。The present study aimed to explore the priority issues between expression and gender information processing in face perception and further to reveal the laws of the human brain processing multidimensional stimuli. Three behavioral experiments were implemented. And each one consisted of two types of task set （Facial Expression judgment task and Facial Gender judgment task） randomly assigned for the stimuli. The number of trials in different tasks was the same. The color （green or red） of image border gave the participants the clue to perform tasks. Furthermore, there were four （in Experiment 1 and 3： 12ms, 50ms, 250ms and 500ms ） or five （in Experiment 2： 12ms, 50ms, lOOms, 150ms, 250ms） kinds of duration time for stimuli presentation in each task set. E-prime was adopted to compile the program and collect data. The stimuli presented on a17-inch computer screen with 85 Hz refresh rate. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data of reaction time and accuracy with the kind of duration time （Duration Time） and the type of task （Task） as within factor tasks. Experiment 1 showed that there were two significant main effects （Duration Time and Task） on accuracy analysis. It indicated that making judgment on expression was more accurate than on facial gender （t = 4.74, df= 29, p 〈 .001） under the 12 ms conditions. The same was true under the condition of 50 ms （t = 2.26, df= 29, p 〈 .05）. But no similar findings were found in the other duration.Experiment 2 revealed that the reaction time was in inverse proportion to the duration time of stimuli under the conditions of 50ms, lOOms and 250ms （p 〈 .05）. Then the results of accuracy analysis showed the significant main effect of Duration Time and significant interaction between Duration Time and Task. Further analysis indicated that the accuracy of judging expression was significantly higher than that of facial gender （t = 3.647, df= 29, p 〈 .05） under the condition of 50ms. Experiment 3 showed that the main e

关 键 词：面孔表情 面孔性别 比较 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]