基于加速度传感器的路面不平度采集系统  

Design of road roughness collecting system based on acceleration sensor

作　　者：刘庆华[1,2] 张文明[1] 夏鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学计算机科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212003 [2]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《江苏科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期362-369,共8页Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2013AA12A206);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52008143)

摘　　要：针对路面质量检测中的路面不平度分析,设计了基于加速度传感器的路面不平度采集系统.硬件部分,开发了以C8051F005微控制器为核心的信号采集模块,并通过蓝牙无线传输至上位机;软件部分,采用了一种基于车辆垂直加速度时间序列自回归(AR)建模的国际道路不平度指数(international roughness index,IRI)测量方法,即先运用卡尔曼算法对初始数据进行滤波处理,再对数据进行AR建模,计算功率谱密度,得到路面不平度系数后,由公式计算路面IRI.文中给出了具体的实施方案,分析了方案的合理性,运用开发的采集系统开展了实车道路试验,采集了镇江市某区的两种路面(沥青路面和水泥混凝土路面)不平度数据.采用高精度的路面激光平整度仪做试验,与文中方案作对比,结果表明:文中方案的结果误差较小,与实际路况吻合.本系统可应用于工程路面检测和分级等相关领域.The roughness of the road surface is one of the most important indicators of the pavement quality assessment. Based on the pavement quality assessment in the analysis of road roughness,this article designs the road roughness acquisition system based on the acceleration sensor. For the hardware part of the system,the signal collecting module is developed with C8051F005 micro-controller that can measure vehicle vertical acceleration analog signal which is from negative one point two volts to one point two volts,and then it is adjusted to the appropriate signal range which is from zero to three point three volts of the input signal range of A / D conversion module. A / D converting digital signal is sent to the bluetooth by the UART serial port of the micro-computer,and then transmitted to the PC; the software part of the system adopts a method based on vehicle vertical acceleration time series auto-regressive（ AR） modeling of international road roughness index（ IRI） measurement. In other words,it uses the Kalman algorithm to filter the initial data,and then calculates power spectrum density（ PSD） by AR model. After getting the road roughness coefficient,the road IRI can be calculated by the formula. We give the concrete implementation plan,analyze rationality of the scheme,and used the collection system developed to carry out the real vehicle road test. As is well known,concrete pavement and asphalt pavement are the most common type of urban roads,so this article finally decides to collect two roads of Zhenjiang district which are asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement. After test,we found that the IRI of Xuefu road was2. 593,and the IRI of Qingfen road was 1. 954,and both of them were A level road. At the same time,we used high accurate laser surface flatness cytometry to do a comparative test. The experimental results showed that the scheme proposed had small errors and was consistent with realistic conditions. At the same time,it also proved that the design of road surface acquisition hardware

关 键 词：道路工程 路面不平度分级 自回归建模 卡尔曼滤波 垂直加速度 

分 类 号：U416.06[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]