氮肥和钙肥用量对旺长期烤烟叶片抗氧化酶系统及活性氧的影响  

Effects of nitrogen and calcium on anti-oxidative enzyme system and active oxygen of flue-cured tobacco leaf during fast growing period

作　　者：邹文桐[1] 陈盛[1] 滕家财 ZOU Wentong CHEN Sheng TENG Jiacai(College of Ocean Science and Biochemistry Engineering ,Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University ,Fuqing,Fujian 350300,Chin)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学福清分校海洋与生化工程学院,福建福清350300

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第8期97-103,110,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：福建省教育厅A类项目(JA12357);福建省教育厅B类项目(JB12263)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同用量氮、钙对旺长期烤烟叶片抗氧化酶系统及活性氧的影响,为指导烟农合理施用氮钙肥提供参考。【方法】以烤烟品种G80为试验材料,采用双因素（3×4）随机区组设计,施氮量设0.00（CK）,0.12和0.20g/kg 3个水平,施钙量设0.00（Ca1,CK）,0.40（Ca2）,1.00（Ca3）和2.00（Ca4）g/kg 4个水平,进行盆栽试验,于烤烟旺长期采集第17-19叶位叶片,测定其过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性及丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸、过氧化氢含量和超氧阴离子（O2^-·）产生速率,研究不同用量氮钙对旺长期烤烟叶片抗氧化酶及活性氧的影响。【结果】随氮肥用量从0.00g/kg增加到0.20g/kg,烤烟叶片的抗氧化酶活性和脯氨酸含量均极显著提高,MDA、过氧化氢含量和O2^-·产生速率均极显著下降。随钙肥用量的增加,烤烟叶片的抗氧化酶活性先增大后减小,POD、SOD和CAT活性均以Ca3处理最高,APX活性以Ca2处理最高,脯氨酸含量呈递增趋势,MDA和过氧化氢含量呈递减趋势,O2^-·产生速率呈先降后升趋势,以Ca3处理最低。在0.12g/kg N下,烤烟叶片的抗氧化酶活性均以Ca3处理最高,脯氨酸含量以Ca3和Ca4处理较高,MDA和过氧化氢含量以Ca3和Ca4处理相对最低,O2^-·产生速率以Ca3处理最低;在0.20g/kg N下,烤烟叶片的POD和APX活性均以Ca2处理最高,SOD、CAT活性及脯氨酸含量均以Ca3处理最高,MDA含量以Ca3处理最低,过氧化氢含量和O2^-·产生速率以Ca3和Ca4处理较低。【结论】综合抗氧化酶及活性氧指标,确定氮肥和钙肥的最佳配肥组合为：N 0.20g/kg,Ca 1.0g/kg,此组合配肥更能充分发挥烤烟抗逆境胁迫能力。【Objective】This study investigated the effects of different nitrogen and calcium amounts on anti-oxidative enzyme system and active oxygen of flue-cured tobacco leaf during fast growing period to guide rational application of nitrogen and calcium fertilizers.【Method】Taking flue-cured tobacco G80 as test material and using double factors randomized block design（3×4）,pot experiment was carried out with different nitrogen（0.00,0.12 and 0.20g/kg）and calcium（0.00（Ca1,CK）,0.40（Ca4）,1.00（Ca3）and2.00（Ca4）g/kg）amounts.The 17-19 leaf blades were collected at fast growing period to determine activities of peroxidase（POD）and superoxide dismutase（SOD）,catalase（CAT）and ascorbic acid peroxidase（APX）,contents of malondialdehyde（MDA）,proline,and hydrogen peroxide,and producing rate of superoxide anion（O2^-·）and study effects of nitrogen and calcium on anti-oxidative enzyme system and active oxygen.【Result】With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer（0.00-0.20g/kg）,anti-oxidative activities and proline content of flue-cured tobacco leaf significantly improved,and MDA,hydrogen peroxide and O2^-· producing rate decreased significantly.As the amount of calcium fertilizer increased,anti-oxidative activities of flue-cured tobacco leaf increased first and decreased later.POD,SOD and CAT activities reached the maximum at Ca3 treatment while APX activity reached the maximum at Ca2 treatment.Proline content increased gradually,MDA and hydrogen peroxide contents decreased,while O2^-· producing rate decreased first and increased later with the lowest value at Ca3 treatment.With the nitrogen supply of 0.12g/kg,anti-oxidative activities of Ca3 treatment reached the maximum,proline contents of Ca3 and Ca4 were high,MDA and hydrogen peroxide contents of Ca3 and Ca4 treatments were low,and O2^-· producing rate of Ca3 treatment reached the minimum.When nitrogen was 0.20g/kg,POD and APX activities of Ca2 treatment were the highest,SOD,CAT and proline contents of Ca3 treatment reac

关 键 词：氮肥 钙肥 烤烟 抗氧化酶 活性氧 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学] S572[农业科学—烟草工业]