泰安市儿童口腔健康状况及其影响因素分析  

Oral health and its influencing factors among children in Tai'an municipality

作　　者：冯伟 孙侃[2] 张士剑[3] 

机构地区：[1]泰安煤矿医院口腔科,山东泰安271000 [2]北京大学口腔医学院口腔预防科 [3]山东省泰安市中心医院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2016年第10期1387-1389,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的 了解山东省泰安市儿童的口腔健康状况及其相关影响因素,为该地区的儿童口腔保健提供参考依据。方法 于2015年1—3月采用按年龄分层随机抽样方法在泰安市泰山区抽取〈6、6~10、〉10岁儿童各500人共1 500名儿童进行口腔健康状况检查,并对其监护人进行相关问卷调查。结果 本次最终有效调查〈6、6~10、〉10岁儿童各489、492、490人共1 471名儿童,检出口腔疾病者429例,口腔疾病患病率为29.16%;不同年龄组儿童主要口腔疾病患病情况比较,不同年龄组儿童龋齿、牙石和口腔溃疡患病率差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）,均以〉10岁年龄组儿童为最高,患病率分别为15.10%、11.43%和10.20%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥6岁是泰安市儿童口腔疾病患病的危险因素,儿童吃零食≤4天/周、开始刷牙年龄〈3岁、父母监督刷牙和进行口腔保健是泰安市儿童口腔疾病患病的保护因素。结论 泰安市〉10岁儿童的口腔健康问题较为突出,年龄、儿童吃零食情况、开始刷牙年龄、父母监督刷牙情况和进行口腔保健情况是该地区儿童口腔疾病患病的主要影响因素。Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of oral health status among children in Tai＇an city of Shandong province, and to provide references for promoting oral health in the population. Methods Using age- stratified random sampling, three groups of children aged 〈 6,6 - 10, and 〉 10 years （500 in each group） were recruited and a survey including oral disease examination and questionnaire interview among their caregivers were conducted between January and March 2015. Results Of the 1 471 children （489 of 〈 6,492 of 6 - 10, and 490 of 〉 10 years old）, 429 were detected with oral diseases, with a prevalence rate of 29. 16%. There were significant age-differences in the prevalence rates of dental caries （ 15.10% ） ,calculus （ 11.43% ） ,and oral ulcer （ 10. 20% ） among the children （P 〈 0. 05 for all） and the highest age-specific prevalence rate of the three oral diseases were observed among the children of 〉 10 years old. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that aged ≥ 6 years was a risk factor, while eating snacks ≤4 days per week, having tooth brushing before the age of 3 years, and being supervised for tooth brushing and oral hygiene by parents were protective factors of oral diseases among the children. Conclusion Oral diseases are prevalent among the children, especially among those 〉 10 years old, in Tai＇an municipality and are mainly influenced by age,frequency of eating snacks, the age of taking tooth brushing, and parents＇ supervision on tooth brushing and oral hygiene.

关 键 词：口腔健康 儿童 影响因素 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]