基于GOSAT卫星的全球近地面甲烷浓度时空分布特征分析  

Analysis of Spatio-temporal Distribution of Methane Concentrations Near the Ground Based on GOSAT Satellite

作　　者：刘宝锋[1] 李俊锋[2] 李飞[1] 夏积德[1] 

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北测绘职工培训中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地理信息世界》2016年第5期75-79,99,共6页Geomatics World

摘　　要：甲烷(CH_4)作为自然界最常用的燃料,分布极广。同时,甲烷作为第二大温室气体,在温室效应的过程中有重要影响。近地面甲烷受多种因素影响在高度上分布不均,影响着人类的生存和生产生活。本文利用2009年6月到2012年5月GOSAT卫星上FTS传感器的L4B级数据,研究了近地面甲烷浓度在时间和空间上的分布特征,结果表明:在时间分布方面:(1)甲烷月平均浓度处于整体上升趋势,最大增量约为2.35×10^(-8)micromol/mol;(2)从每年9月到次年2月,甲烷月平均浓度以不同增速持续增加;(3)4月到9月,甲烷月平均浓度下降,期间出现下降幅度波动,下降幅度小于上升幅度;(4)2月到4月处于阶段性峰值;(5)甲烷季节浓度的大小关系为:春季>冬季>夏季>秋季。在空间分布方面:(1)全球近地面甲烷白天的浓度与夜晚浓度分布不同,有集聚现象;(2)从整体上分析,甲烷主要分布在北半球,南半球甲烷稀少;(3)从洲际上分析,亚欧非大陆甲烷浓度大于美洲大陆。(4)从地区分析,甲烷浓度分布不均匀;(5)从海陆分析,陆地甲烷浓度明显大于海洋。Methane（CH_4）is the most common fuel in nature, it is widespread. At the same time, Methane as the second largest greenhouse gas, and is important in the process of the greenhouse effect. Close to the ground of methane is influenced by many factors in height distribution, and affecting the human＇s survival, production and living. Based on FTS L4 B level data from the sensor in GOSAT satellite from June 2009 to May 2012, this paper studied the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the concentration on the surface of methane. The results show the time distribution aspects： 1） the monthly average concentration of methane is in the overall upward trend, the biggest increment is 2.35 x 10^（-8） micromol/mol; 2） methane month average concentration increases continually and the growth values are various from September to February the next year; 3） methane month average concentration drops down from April to September, during the fall, the down amplitude fluctuation is less than the rise; 4） the periodic peak appears from February to April; 5） methane concentration values of 4 seasons methane are ： spring winter autumn summer. The aspects of spatial distribution are： 1） the global methane concentration distributions are different during the day and night, there is gathered phenomenon; 2） for the overall analysis, methane mainly distributes in the northern hemisphere and rarely appears in southern hemisphere;3） for the analysis on the intercontinental, Methane concentrations in the Asia, Europe and Africa are greater than America; 4） for the region analysis, methane concentration is uneven distribution; 5） for the analysis of the land and sea, land methane concentrations are significantly greater than the ocean.

关 键 词：GOSAT 甲烷 时空分布特征 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]