学前儿童执行功能与行为问题的关系  

Relationship between Executive Function and Behavior Problems in Preschoolers

作　　者：邢晓沛[1] 邵淑慧[1] 孙晓丽[1] 王争艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学教育学院心理学系,北京市学习与认知重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2016年第5期844-848,851,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“家庭环境影响学前儿童执行功能的生理机制”(31400894)

摘　　要：目的:考察学前儿童执行功能与行为问题的关系及可能存在的性别差异。方法:以333名学前儿童为被试,采用EF-Touch(实验评估)和学前儿童执行功能行为评定量表(母亲报告)评估儿童的执行功能,采用儿童长处困难问卷(教师和母亲报告)评估儿童的行为问题。结果:1实验评估与母亲报告的执行功能相关性较低;2在控制多动/注意缺陷后,实验评估的执行功能各成分与儿童品行问题的相关均不再显著;在控制品行问题后,实验评估的执行功能各成分与儿童多动/注意缺陷间的负相关仍显著;3与实验评估相比,母亲报告的工作记忆和抑制控制与行为问题的关系更强;4实验评估的工作记忆和注意转移与男孩多动/注意缺陷之间的相关显著或边缘显著高于女孩。结论:执行功能与行为问题的关系主要表现在其与多动/注意缺陷的关系上,且两者关系存在部分性别差异。Objective： To examine the relationship between executive functions（EF） and behavioral problems in Chi- nese preschoolers. Methods： A total of 333 Chinese preschool-age children and their mothers and teachers participated in this study. Children＇ s EF were assessed by EF-Touch Program and maternal-report on Behavioral Rating inventory of Ex- ecutive Function-Preschooler Version, and children＇ s behavior problems was assessed by maternal-report and teacher-re- port on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results： （1）Correlations between two types of measures on child EF were low; （2）Child EF by EF-Toueh Program was not related to conduct problems after controlling for hyperactivity, but it was still significantly related to hyperactivity after controlling for conduct problems; （3）Working memory and inhibition by maternal-report were more strongly related to child behavior problems than those by EF-Touch Program; （4）Working memo- ry and attention shift by EF-Touch Program were more significantly related to hyperactivity for boys than for girls. Conclu- sions： Child EF is negatively associated with behavior problems, particularly with hyperactivity.

关 键 词：执行功能 行为问题 性别差异 学前儿童 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]