濒危珍稀植物对开蕨组培苗的光适应性研究  

Light adaption of tissue-cultured seedlings of rare and endangered Phyllitis scolopendrium

作　　者：赵超[1] 才燕[1] 黄祥童 董然[1] 顾德峰[1] 严海燕[1] ZHAO Chao CAI Yan HUANG Xiangtong DONG Ran GU Defeng YAN Haiyan(College of Horticulture , Jilin Agricultural University ,Chungchun , Jilin 130118 ,China Changbai Mountain Academy of Sciences ,Erdaobaihe,Jilin 133613 ,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,吉林长春130118 [2]长白山科学研究院,吉林二道白河133613

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第9期221-227,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD22B0401);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20110262)

摘　　要：【目的】研究适宜国家二级濒危珍稀植物对开蕨（Phyllitis scolopendrium）组培苗生长的光照条件,为其推广栽培提供技术指导。【方法】通过盆栽试验,在温度25~36℃,相对湿度55%~65%条件下,于温室内设置4种光照处理T1（CK）无遮光,T2遮光56%,T3遮光78%,T4遮光97%,对应光照强度分别为17 863~18 322,7 520~8 253,3 788~4 020,342~435lx。通过测定不同光照强度下3年生对开蕨组培苗的形态指标及光合色素含量、净光合速率日变化、光合-光照强度响应曲线和叶绿素荧光参数等指标,筛选适宜对开蕨组培苗生长发育的光照条件。【结果】经遮阴处理（除T4处理外）的对开蕨组培苗较对照组叶片变薄,比叶重降低,单叶面积增大,叶绿素含量增多。随光照强度减小,Pn日均值、L_（UE）、P_（max）、A_（QY）和ΦPSⅡ均表现出先增后降的变化趋势,并在T2处理下达到最大,T4处理最小;Chl a/b、L_（CP）、L_（SP）、R_d、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Fv′/Fm′、qP及NPQ均呈下降趋势。T1处理的Pn日变化呈＂双峰＂曲线,T2、T3、T4处理呈＂单峰＂曲线。【结论】4组处理中以T2处理的植株生长状态最好,故认为对开蕨组培苗生长的最适光照强度是7 520~8 253lx。【Objective】This study selected the optimal light condition for Phyllitis scolopendriumtissue-cultured seedlings to promote the cultivation techniques.【Method】Three-year-old tissue-cultured seedlings of P.scolopendrium were planted in pots to study the light adaptation by comparing the changes in morphological indexes,chloroplast pigment content,diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate,photo synthetic light-response curve and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under light shading conditions of0%（T1,control 17 863-18 322lx）,56%（T2,7 520-8 253lx）,78%（T3,3 788-4 020lx）and 97%（T4,342-435lx）.The temperature was 25-36 ℃ and relative humidity was 55%-65%.【Result】The leaves of shaded seedlings were much thinner,the SLW were lower,the chlorophyll increased and the area of new-fledged leaves ware larger compared to full light（except T4）.With the increase of shading rate,the daily averages of Pn,LUE,Pmax,AQY andΦPSⅡ fluctuated with increase first followed by decrease.Allmaximum values appeared in T2 and the minimum values appeared in T4.The Chl a/b,L_（CP）,L_（SP）,R_d,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,Fv′/Fm′,qPand NPQdecreased with the increase of shading rate.The diurnal variation of Pn followed a bimodal curve in T1 unimodal curve in T2,T3 and T4.【Conclusion】The best growth rate was obtained under T2 treatment,and the most suitable light condition to P.scolopendrium tissue-cultured seedlings was 7 520-8 253 lx.

关 键 词：对开蕨 组培苗 光照强度 形态特征 光合作用 叶绿素荧光特性 

分 类 号：S682.35[农业科学—观赏园艺]