关于土壤中施用固体硅肥有效利用率的探讨  

Discussion on effective utilization rate of solid silicon fertilizer in soil

作　　者：张娟[1,2] 张智[1,2] 张广鑫[1] 刘传玉[1,2] 宋继富[2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,哈尔滨150020 [2]黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《黑龙江科学》2016年第19期8-10,22,共4页Heilongjiang Science

摘　　要：随着农业科技的不断进步,人们已经认识到硅素对农作物增产和改善品质的重要性。特别是水稻等喜硅作物,硅素施用的价值尤显突出,甚至提出把硅作为水稻的继氮、磷、钾后的第四大营养元素。然而,现在市售的硅肥主要指一类碱性、含枸溶性无定形玻璃体物料,主要包括化工、冶炼行业的各种废渣。本文将重点论述由于这类肥料呈碱性,从能调节土壤中的酸度作用看,可施用于酸性土壤;作硅肥时,在酸性土壤中施用时,硅的有效利用率很低,约60%为土壤所固定,无效化相当严重,同时在某种程度上造成土壤板结。With the continuous progress of agricultural science and technology, people have recognized the importance of silicon for crop yield and quality improvement. Especially rice and other silicon crops, the value of silicon application is particularly prominent, and people even put the silicon as the fourth largest nutrient element after nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for rice. However, the commercially available silicon fertilizer mainly refers to a kind of alkaline containing citrate-soluble amorphous vitreous material, which includes a variety of waste residue in chemical and metallurgical industry. This kind of fertilizer can be applied to acidic soil for it can regulate the acidity of soil; the effective utilization of silicon is low in acidic soil （about 60%） with high invalidation, which results in soil compaction to some extent.

关 键 词：土壤 酸碱性 固体硅 利用率 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]