成都市流动儿童预防接种服务可及性及对接种率影响分析  

Accessibility of Vaccination Service to Floating Children in Chengdu and Influence on Vaccination Coverage

作　　者：曾莉[1] 黄蓉娜[1] 张量智[1] 李蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2016年第11期1226-1229,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解成都市流动儿童在预防接种服务方面的可及性及对流动儿童五苗全程接种率的影响。方法采取分阶段整群随机抽样法,调查2010-09-01/2011-08-31出生的流动儿童共1 057人,调查方法以查看预防接种证和家长问卷调查为主。结果调查儿童的五苗全程接种率为83.35%。85.1%的家长认为接种门诊每月开放时间已经足够,9.3%的家长认为开放时间较少。66.7%的家长带孩子接种时排队等候时间在30 min以内,33.3%的家长排队等候时间超过30 min,还有9.4%的家长等候超过1 h。63.4%流动儿童家庭住所离接种门诊距离不到2 km,但有12%的流动儿童距离超过5 km。大部分家长每次都能收到接种疫苗的预约通知,但有25.9%的家长有时未收到预约通知,8.9%的家长从未收到预约通知。预防通知方式以现场预约为主,短信、电话和村医通知为辅。家长对门诊医务人员服务态度、咨询解释和技术水平的认可度均较高,认为很好和较好的家长>85%,但对门诊整体设施环境的认可度稍低,认为很好和较好的家长占68.7%。从单因素分析来看,对流动儿童五苗全程接种率有影响的因素为收到预约通知的频率。结论成都市流动儿童预防接种服务的可及性总体上较好,但接种门诊还应适当增加每周运转天数、减少家长排队等候时间,加强对流动儿童的预约通知等。Objective To investigate accessibility of vaccination service to floating children in Chengdu and its in- fluence on complete inoculation rate of five vaccines. Methods Multistage cluster random sampling was applied to select 1 057 floating children born during the period from September 1,2010 to August 31,2011. Household questionnaire survey was conducted, and vaccination certificate was checked. Results The complete inoculation rate of the primary five vaccines was 83.35%. 85.1% of the parents thought the vaccination clinic＇s service time each month was sufficient, while 9.3% of them held a different opinion. 66.7% of parents waited for within 30 min and 33.3% waited for within 30 rain for vaccination of their children; 9.4% of the parents wai- ted for more than lb. 63.4% of the children lived less than 2kin away from the vaccination clinics, while 12% of them lived over 5kin away. Most parents received the vaccination notification every time, while 25.9% of them missed sometimes, and 8.9% never received the notification. The major notification method was on - the spot appointment, and other ways included SMS, telephone and visit of village doctors. Parents were quite satisfied with clinic staffs＇ attitudes, explanation service and professional levels. More than 85% of them thought the staffs were very good or good. However, only 68.7% of them acknowledged the clinic facilities and environment. Single factor analysis showed that the fre- quency of parents＇ receiving vaccination notification affected the complete inoculation rate of the five vaccines among floating children. Conclusion The accessibili clinics should extend the service time per week, and tification of floating children. ty sh of vaccination service is generally good. However, the orten parents＇ waiting time and enhance vaccination no-

关 键 词：流动儿童 预防接种 可及性 接种率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]