从甲金文看介词“对”带受事宾语的源起  

On the Source of "Dui" Having the Recipient Object of the Whole Sentence Based on the Oracle Inscriptions and Bronze Inscriptions

作　　者：邓飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学汉语言文献研究所,重庆400715

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2016年第10期14-18,26,共6页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"殷商甲骨卜辞时间范畴的个性表达和断代演化研究"(13XYY017);西南大学中央高校基本业务费重大培育项目"殷商古文字古汉语国际教育建构的预研究"(SWU1509399);西南大学创新团队项目"基于出土文献综合研究的文化推广工程"(SWU1509395);重庆市社会科学规划博士项目"先秦两汉常用词的演变及相关问题研究"(2014BS079)资助

摘　　要：从语义指向上看,介词"对"的宾语可以作句子动词的受事宾语,这种用法是如何产生的学界一直少有人探究。本文系统梳理了殷商甲骨文、西周铜器铭文中"对"的意义和用法,理清了介词"对"产生的源起结构。文章认为,"对"所带的介宾成分可以成为整个句子动词的受事宾语源于西周时期,其结构是"对"参与的同义隐性双动宾连用结构。这种结构一直延续到现代汉语中,其动词是表示态度和心理评价类的,这与介词"对"的动词源起意义一致。The object of preposition ＇dui＇can act as the object of the whole sentence from the semantic relation. Researchers have done little work on the source of this grammar phenomenon. This paper has checked the meanings and usages of ＂dui＂ based on the Oracle Inscriptions and Bronze Inscriptions, and find out the original structure. This paper discloses that the original structure can date back to the Xizhou time, and it consists of two hidden verb - object structures which have the same meanings, or it comes from a variety of a common verb - object structure. The second verb has such meanings as ＇attitude＂ or ＇evaluate＇whieh share the same semantic source with ‘dui＇.

关 键 词：介词 对 受事宾语 同义动宾结构 态度和评价 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]