中国区际碳排放差异与损益偏离现象分析  

Analysis on Inter-regional Differences of Carbon Emissions and Loss and Profit Deviation in China

作　　者：孙慧[1,2] 刘媛媛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学新疆创新管理研究中心,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆大学经济与管理学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《管理评论》2016年第10期89-96,共8页Management Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71463056;71263051)

摘　　要：依据产业发展,将中国划分为资源型地区和非资源型地区,运用公平性测度方法探讨区际碳排放的动态差异,发现碳排放与经济收益之间存在"收益在外,损害留存"损益偏离现象,揭示了损益偏离现象形成的主要原因;通过开发损益偏离系数测算工具,测度了资源型地区碳排放经济收益与生态损害间的偏离程度。结果表明:(1)与全国平均水平相比,资源型地区人均CO_2排放、碳排放强度较高,且远高于非资源型地区,而在同一个研究期内,资源型地区人均GDP较低,此结论揭示了碳排放与经济收益存在区际间偏离现象。(2)形成损益偏离现象的主要原因是,人均GDP分布差异的基础上叠加人均CO_2排放分布的差异性导致了碳排放引起的损益偏离现象;同时资源型地区内部存在的碳排放差异也导致了碳减排水平滞后,加剧了碳排放引起的损益偏离现象的程度。(3)资源型地区经济收益与生态损害系数比例维持在0.2左右,属于碳排放损益偏离严重程度,为资源型产业能否可持续发展敲响了警钟。因此,建议国家在分配碳排放权、制定生态补偿标准、划分碳减排责任等政策时,应充分考虑碳排放区域差异性。最根本的是实现资源型地区产业低碳转型,改善损益偏离现象。In this paper,China＇s 30 provinces and autonomous regions are classified into resource-based regions and non-resource-based regions from the industrial perspective. The inter-regional differences in carbon emissions are calculated by the classical methods of inequality measure. The loss and profit deviation of carbon emissions in resource-based regions is measured through economic coefficient and ecological damage coefficient. More research references for equitable development of the region could be provided. The results show that CO_2 emissions per capita and CO_2 emissions intensity in the resource-based regions are higher than that in the non-resource-based regions and the average value in the whole nation,but the GDP per capita is low in the resource-based regions. Furthermore,China＇s regional distribution of CO_2 emissions is more inequal than that of income. Carbon emission differences also exist in internal resource-based rationales. In addition,the loss and profit deviation coefficient of resource-based regions is about 0. 2,which indicates that there is a serious deviation from the loss and profit of carbon emissions in the region. The conclusions confirm the phenomenon of regional inequalities of carbon emission. The national government should take full account of regional differences in carbon emissions to ensure the sustainable development of resource-based regions. Meanwhile,the economic development of resource-based regions needs upgrading.

关 键 词：碳排放 差异性 损益偏离 资源型产业 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F124.5[经济管理—世界经济]