海明威的创伤体验与硬汉形象的塑造  

The Trauma Experience and the Shaping of “Tough Man Image” in Hemingway

作　　者：马兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南开放大学文化旅游学院,云南昆明650223

出　　处：《云南开放大学学报》2016年第3期32-35,共4页Journal of Yunnan Open University

摘　　要：在众多复杂的人生体验中,创伤体验是一个非常重要的内容。作家的创伤体验在作品创作过程中扮演着极其重要的角色,因为不管是肉体还是心灵的创伤,都很可能成为某种情结遗留在作家脑海里难以磨灭,作家会将这种创伤不自觉地投射到作品中,故而创伤体验能够深刻影响作家一生的创作活动。海明威参加过两次世界大战,身心皆受重创,他的创伤体验可谓深入骨髓,但海明威心里始终有一股"硬汉子精神"支撑着他与残酷的生活做斗争。在创伤体验和这种精神的指引下,海明威在《太阳照常升起》、《永别了,武器》、《丧钟为谁而鸣》、《老人与海》等作品里,塑造了一系列著名的"海明威式的硬汉形象",讴歌了人类伟大的坚韧不屈的"硬汉精神"。In many complex life experiences, trauma experience is one of the most important. The writer＇ s own trauma experience plays a vital role during the novel writing. The trauma experiences both in human＇ s body and soul, are all kept in the writer＇ s memory that would never be forgotten, and at the same time they will be unconsciously reflected in the works, so that the trauma experi- ences would profoundly affect the writer＇ s lifelong writing production. This will be fully illustrated through Hemingway＇ s four major works： The Sun Also Rises （1926）, A Farewell to Arms （1929）, For Whom the Bell Tolls （1940）, The Old Man and the Sea （1951）.

关 键 词：创伤体验 硬汉形象 硬汉精神 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]