《伤寒论》常变观对中医临床思维的启示  

Enlightenment From "Perspective of Being Constant and Variable" in Treatise on Cold Damage for Clinical Thinking in Chinese Medicine

作　　者：朱辉[1] 许辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁中医药大学,辽宁沈阳110032 [2]河南中医药大学,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南中医》2016年第9期1489-1491,共3页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：常与变是相对而言的。就"标本"而论,"本"为"常","标"为"变"。治病求本是中医治疗的基本原则,此为"常法",但当某些症状较为突出、患者难以忍受或危及生命时,治疗的重心就当有所转移,急则治其标,即为"变法"。寒证治以热药,热证治以寒药,逆病性而治,即"正治",是治疗的常法。但当病情危重,外在表象不能真实反映病变本质,也就是出现假象时,治疗就应加以变通。有时的"反治"之法即为变法。在《伤寒论》的常变观思维指导下,不仅要努力探索疾病发生、发展、辨证、治疗的常规与变法,还要在这一过程中逐渐形成"知常达变"的辩证思维,要善于运用唯物辨证法的观点全面地、动态地、联系地分析问题并解决问题。Being constant and being variable are two comparative terms. For ＂root and superficial＂ , root is the constant and super- ficial is the variable. Searching for the primary cause of disease is the basic therapeutic principle in the TCM treatment, which is the ＂constant method＂. However,for some prominent symptoms which the patients cannot endure and threaten the lives,the core of the treatment should shift to treat the superficial manifestations when it is acute,and it is called ＂ variable method＂. Cold syndrome should be treated with heat herbs while heat syndrome should be treated with cold herbs;this therapy is in reverse to the nature of the disease, so it is called ＂normal treatment＂ as ＂constant method＂. But for severe cases, the superficial manifestations cannot reflect the essence of the pathology, in other words, when pseudo-phenomenon appears, the treatment should be changed. Sometimes, the method of ＂reverse treatment＂ is ＂variable method＂. With the guidance of the thinking ＂being constant and being variable in Treatise on Cold Damage, the occurrence ,development, syndrome differentiation, routine treatment and variable therapies of the diseases should be explored with great efforts. Besides, the dialectical thinking of ＂ understanding the constant and the variable＂ should be established during the process and the perspective of materialistic dialectics should be taken to analyze and solve problems in a complete,dynamic and associated manner.

关 键 词：《伤寒论》 常变观 发病有常变 传变有常变 辨证有常变 论治有常变 张仲景 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]