厦门市城市能源代谢综合分析方法及应用  

An integrated analysis of urban energy metabolism: a case study of Xiamen City

作　　者：赵颜创[1,2] 赵小锋[1,2] 林剑艺[1,2] 崔胜辉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室,厦门361021 [2]厦门市城市代谢重点实验室,厦门361021

出　　处：《生态科学》2016年第5期110-116,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：厦门市重点实验室滚动资助项目(3502Z20130037);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371392,71573242);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20142020)

摘　　要：城市代谢理论目前被认为是系统解析城市病症结的重要切入点。能源是人类活动和城市发展的物质基础,研究其代谢规律可以揭示城市能源利用过程中存在的问题及其代谢污染物的生态环境效应,从而为城市能源规划与管理提供科学依据。文章在部门调研数据、统计年鉴数据和文献资料分析的基础上,提出了一种基于能量流的城市能源代谢综合分析方法。该方法系统分析能源在城市内部的流动过程,全面核算5种主要代谢污染物的排放量,并使用7个指标对能源代谢进行评价,进一步使用该方法系统研究了厦门市2009年能源代谢情况,结果表明:(1)厦门本地能源稀缺,对外依存度高,并且结构较为单一,主要依赖煤炭和燃油,分别占能源总量的61%和23%。(2)代谢污染物CO_2、NO_2和废热首要来自能源加工转化,SO_2和PM2.5首要来自工业。(3)2009年能源代谢总效率为0.43 tce·t^(-1),在各部门中服务业及其他的效率最高,加工转化的效率最低,代谢效率与能源结构关系密切。(4)文章提出的方法可为城市能源代谢研究提供方法参考。Urban metabolism is regarded as one of most important methods to systematically analyze urban problem. Energy is essential for human activities and urban development. So research on the rule of energy metabolism can reveal the problems of energy use, which could provide scientific basis for urban energy planning and management. Based on sectoral survey, statistical data, and literature review, this paper proposed a comprehensive energy-flow-based method to analyze the urban energy metabolism. By tracking the energy flows within urban system, this method calculated the emissions of five environmental pollutions, namely carbon dioxide （CO2）, nitrogen dioxide （NO2）, sulfur dioxide （SO2）, PM2.5 and waste heat. And seven indicators were used to evaluate the efficiency of energy metabolism. This method was applied to analyze the energy metabolism of Xiamen City in 2009. Research results are as follows. （1） Most of the energy consumed in Xiamen was imported from outside areas. The dominant energy was coal and petroleum, which contributed 61% and 23% of the total energy consumption, respectively. （2） The CO2, NO2 and waste heat were primarily emitted in the energy transformation process, while the SO2 and PM 2.5 were primarily emitted by industrial sector. （3） The total efficiency of energy metabolism of Xiamen city was 0.43 tee·t^-1 in 2009. The metabolic efficiency of service sector was the highest, while that of energy transformation sector was the lowest. The efficiency of energy metabolism was highly related to energy structure. （4） The method proposed by this paper could provide some technical implications for the further study on urban energy metabolism.

关 键 词：能源代谢 综合分析 能量流 代谢效率 厦门 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]