苯酚对活性污泥活性及微型动物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Phenol on Activity and Microfauna Community Structure of Activated Sludge

作　　者：胡小兵[1,2] 饶强[1] 唐素兰[1] 姜晶[1] 谢瑞桃 郝文静[1] 钟梅英[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,马鞍山243032 [2]生物膜法水质净化及利用技术教育部工程研究中心,马鞍山243032

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第10期3939-3948,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：安徽省高校省级自然科学基金项目(KJ2013A059)

摘　　要：为了探究苯酚对污泥活性及微型动物群落结构的影响,以SBR工艺的活性污泥为研究对象,分析苯酚对污泥TTC-ETS活性、INT-ETS活性和微型动物群落结构及其动态变化的影响.结果表明,污泥TTC-ETS活性较之INT-ETS活性能够更有效表征有机毒害物质苯酚对污泥活性的影响,且随着进水苯酚浓度的增大,苯酚对污泥活性的抑制越明显:进水浓度在50mg·L^(-1)时,苯酚对污泥活性的抑制率为(20.75±10.43)%.进水苯酚浓度为100 mg·L^(-1)时,抑制率为(39.73±26.92)%,且波动较大.在300 mg·L^(-1)进水运行后期,苯酚对污泥活性的抑制率稳定在40%左右;苯酚对活性污泥微型动物群落结构的影响随浓度的增大而增大,且对不同微型动物类群影响不同:在低浓度苯酚进水条件下,只有单个微型动物类群(有壳变形虫)受到明显的抑制,而当浓度增大至100 mg·L^(-1)和300 mg·L^(-1)时,对多个微型动物类群(固着型纤毛虫、有壳变形虫、匍匐型纤毛虫、肉食性纤毛虫等)产生抑制,对少数类群(鞭毛虫、线虫等)产生促进作用;苯酚影响下的污泥活性与微型动物之间存在一定的关联性,针棘匣壳虫(Centropyxis aculeata)、多变斜板虫(Plagiocampa mutabilis)等可作为含酚废水处理过程中污泥活性低的指示生物,湖累枝虫(Epistylis lacustris)、软波豆虫(Bodo lens)、跳侧滴虫(Pleuromonas jaculans)等可作为污泥活性高的指示生物.In order to investigate the effects of phenol on activity and microfauna community structure of activated sludge,phenol with different concentrations were added into the wastewater for activated sludge culturing in a SBR reactor,then the activity parameters of TTC-ETS and INT-ETS of activated sludge were measured,and the dynamics of microfauna community was analyzed. The results indicated that TTC-ETS activity was more applicable to evaluate the effects of phenol on sludge activity than INT-ETS activity. The higher the concentration of phenol was,the more seriously the sludge activity was inhibited. When 50 mg·L-1of phenol was added into the influent,the inhibition rate of sludge activity was（ 20. 75 ± 10. 43） %,while it increased to（ 39. 73 ± 26. 92） % with a great fluctuation at the phenol concentration of 100 mg·L-1. The inhibition rate of sludge activity fluctuated at about 40% in the later period of sludge culturing with 300 mg·L-1of phenol. The inhibitory effects on microfauna community in activated sludge increased with increasing phenol concentration. Phenol had different effects on various groups of microfauna community,i. e.,only one group（ testate amoebae） was inhibited significantly at a low feeding concentration of phenol,many groups（ sessile ciliates,testate amoebae,crawling ciliates,carnivorous ciliates） were inhibited at the phenol concentrations of 100 mg·L-1and 300 mg·L-1,whereas a few groups（ flagellates,nematodes,etc.） were promoted at the phenol concentration of 300 mg·L-1. There was a certain degree of relationship between sludge activity and microfauna under the influence of phenol,which means that Centropyxis aculeata,Plagiocampa mutabilis etc.,may be bio-indicators for low sludge activity,and Epistylis lacustris,Bodo lens and Pleuromonas jaculans can be used as bioindicators for high sludge activity in the activated sludge used to treat phenolic wastewater.

关 键 词：苯酚 活性污泥 毒害效应 电子传递体系(ETS)活性 微型动物群落 指示生物 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]