教育均衡视角下农村教师资源配置的现实困境及改革对策——小规模和大规模学校的对比研究  

The Current Difficulties and Policy Suggestions of Rural Teacher Resource Allocation between Small and Larger Schools in Rural Areas

作　　者：赵丹[1] Zhao Dan(College of Humanities and Social Development, Northwest A＆F University, Yangling 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学人文社会发展学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2016年第5期156-163,共8页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目"西北区域义务教育均衡发展与教育资源共享模式的构建研究--基于GIS的空间计量分析"(71203180);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"我国义务教育均衡发展改革研究"(10JZD0036)

摘　　要：在我国义务教育均衡发展进程中,县域内学校师资水平良莠不齐、特别是小规模学校和大规模学校之间在教师资源配置方面的巨大差异,成为城乡教育不均衡的突出问题。本研究对西北四县的调查显示,农村小规模学校和县镇大规模学校在教师数量配置、年龄结构、专业匹配程度、培训机会、教师流失率、教学质量等多方面差异显著。这些问题背后的深层次原因在于:我国城镇化进程中的"推拉合力"对教育领域产生直接影响、教师编制及管理制度脱离小规模学校实际、教师调配和交流政策不合理,以及教师激励政策虚化等多方面制度性和政策性问题。由此,教育决策者应创新农村教师供给形式、进一步完善教师招聘、调配和激励政策,探索农村教师素质提升的创新机制,确保城乡教师资源的质量均衡。In the process of balanced development of China＇ s compulsory education, the key problem lies in that there is significant difference of teacher resource allocation between small and larger schools inside county region. The research result of our survey in four counties of Northwest China shows that：The reasons of the problem include：the push-pull joint force in urbanization has directly affected educational area, authorized size of teacher and management system are out of small rural schools condition, teacher allocation and exchange policy are not reasonable, the policy of incentive for teachers could not perform in reality. Therefor, policy makers should take more efforts in the innovation of teacher recruitment, perfecting policy of teacher allocation and exchange, improving rural teachers＇ skills.

关 键 词：西北农村教师资源配置 小规模和大规模学校 义务教育均衡发展 

分 类 号：G525.1[文化科学—教育学]