中国生态效率的空间格局与影响机制分析  

Spatial pattern of ecological efficiency in China and its influencing factors

作　　者：李在军[1,2] 姚云霞[1,2] 马志飞[1,2] 胡美娟[1,2] 吴启焰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2016年第11期4208-4217,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41271176;41671155);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)~~

摘　　要：实现经济增长的生态友好模式转变是当代中国建设两型社会的必然要求,而中国地区生态效率的空间格局及影响因素分析是地理学研究的重要问题.基于此,本文利用随机前沿模型测算2004—2012年间我国地区生态效率,其次,基于探索性空间分析技术对生态效率的空间关联特征进行分析,最后,借助空间计量经济模型对区域生态效率的影响因素进行分析.结果表明:中国地区生态效率总体呈上升趋势,但效率水平偏低,东部地区生态效率高于中西部地区;生态效率空间分异格局显著,且具有正向的空间相关性,其中,低-低生态效率区域集聚分布于我国西部内陆,高-高生态效率集聚区分布于东南沿海;空间面板回归显示,城市化水平及经济发展的提高有助于区域生态效率的提高,环境法规的实施及有效的环境监管可以确保生态安全,而第二、三产业比重的增加不利于生态效率的提高.Along with rapid economic growth over three decades,serious pollution and environmental problems have been formed. It is therefore urgent and rational to transform into an economically friendly economic growth. In this study,we applied parametric stochastic frontier model to measure regional ecological efficiency,then used GIS-referenced technique,Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis（ ESDA）,to explore the spatial pattern of regional ecological efficiency. Finally,the spatial panel regression was used to decode the influencing factors of regional ecological efficiency. The spatial results revealed that there was an obvious spatial disparity of regional ecological efficiency： 1the ecological efficiency in eastern coastal regions was higher than other regions;2ecological efficiency showed significant spatial cluster trend; 3the low-low regions were mainly clustered in the northwest,and 4the high-high regions were distributed in Southern China. The spatial panel model revealed that urbanization rate and economic development could promote the improvement of regional ecological efficiency,while the implementation of environmental regulations and efficient environmental supervisions could ensure ecological safety,but the increase of secondary and tertiary proportions may lead to the decline in ecological efficiency.

关 键 词：生态效率 空间格局 空间计量分析 中国 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]