利用fNIRs研究噪声环境下脑力负荷变化规律  

Investigation on Changes of mental workload under noise environment with functional near-infrared spectroscopy

作　　者：姜劲[1] 焦学军[1] 张朕[1] 曹勇[1] 杨涵钧[1] Jiang Jin Jiao Xuejun Zhang Zhen Cao Yong Yang Hanjun.(National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2016年第5期339-346,共8页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(71201148);人因工程重点实验室实验技术课题(9140C770208150C77320;2012SY54B1701);飞天基金(FTK201509)

摘　　要：目的研究噪声环境下操作者的脑力负荷(mental workload,MWL)变化规律。方法采用功能性近红外光谱技术(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRs)、心电、皮肤电和脉搏波多种生理测量手段结合脑力负荷敏感脑区的氧合血红蛋白幅值变化、主观量表评价和脑力负荷评估模型输出来评估噪声刺激下操作者的MWL变化。选用16名参试者完成中性图片N-back任务,分为噪声组和对照组,噪声环境采用(80±3)d B,对照组的外界声源控制为45 d B以下。结果在同一任务负荷状态下,噪声环境中参试者的脑力负荷水平高于对照组,其中噪声组2-back任务诱发的脑力负荷水平等同于对照组3-back任务诱发的脑力负荷水平,但其在3-back任务阶段脑力负荷仅略高于对照组的同等任务阶段。结论参试者在噪声环境下执行同等工作记忆任务时脑力负荷水平可以提高,但任务难度较高时提升幅度降低;利用fNIRs监测大脑前额叶皮层血氧生理参数方法能够有效评估噪声环境下的脑力负荷变化,值得进一步深入研究。Objective To investigate the effect of noise on changes of mental workload during task. Methods Multiple physiological monitoring methods including functional near-infrared spectroscopy,electrocardiogram,electrodermography,pulse wave and respiratory wave were used to assess the mental workload of operators and the indexes including the subjective rating,the outcome of mental workload evaluation model and variations of oxy-hemoglobin on cortex which was sensitive to changes of mental workload were studied. Sixteen subjects completed the neutral picture N-back task under noise and control environment,the noise level and the control level were（ 80 ± 3） d B and less than 45 d B respectively. Results The MWL of subjects in the noise group is higher than that in the control group. The MWL induced by 2-back task in the noise group is equivalent to the MWL induced by 3-back task in the control group,but the MWL of subjects conducting 3-back task in the noise group is slightly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Comparing with the control group with the same task,the MWL level under noise environment is higher. But the increasing range of MWL decreases when the task load increases. The result demonstrated the potential of fN IRs to monitor changes of MWL under noise condition by measuring the prefrontal cortex,it is worthy of further study.

关 键 词：功能性近红外光谱技术 脑力负荷 噪声环境 任务负荷 血氧变化 

分 类 号：R319[医药卫生—基础医学] R857