有独生子女的城市老年人亲子支持和一般自我效能感与主观幸福感的关系  

Relation of subjective well-being to intergeneration social support,general self-efficacy in urban elderly with only-child

作　　者：吴芳[1] 郭艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学管理学院,西安710048

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2016年第11期823-828,共6页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：陕西省教育厅人文社科研究计划项目(12JK0030);陕西省社会科学基金项目(2015G008)

摘　　要：目的：探讨养育独生子女的城市老年人亲子支持、一般自我效能感与主观幸福感的关系。方法：选取城市老年人412人,其中有独生子女的老年人218人,非独生子女老年人194人,采用老年人亲子支持量表（PACSSS）、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表（MUNSH）测量亲子支持、一般自我效能感与主观幸福感（SWB）。PACSSS分为老年人接受成年子女社会支持（RSS）和老年人给予成年子女社会支持（GSS）2个分量表,各包含3个因子（接受物质、接受情感、接受服务和给予物质、给予情感、给予服务）。结果：有独生子女的老年人GSS得分高于非独生子女老年人,但SWB得分低于非独生子女老年人（均P﹤0.05）。PACSSS各因子得分、GSES得分与SWB得分均呈正相关（r=0.24～0.37,均P﹤0.01）。对有独生子女老年人进行通径分析显示,接受情感、给予服务和GSES得分对SWB有直接正向预测作用（β=0.31、0.17、0.30）,接受情感、接受物质得分通过GSES得分对SWB有间接预测作用（β=0.06、0.13）。结论：养育独生子女的城市老年人接受支持、给予支持、一般自我效能感和主观幸福感关系密切。Objective： To explore the relation subjective well-being to intergeneration social support and general self-efficacy in urban elderly with only-child. Methods： Totally 412 elders were investigated including 218 on- ly-child and 194 non-only-child elderly. The Parents-Adult Children Social Support Scale（PACSSS）, General Self- efficacy Scale（GSES）, and Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness （MUNSH） were used to measure the parents-adult children social support, general self-efficacy and subjective well-being（SWB）. PACSSS contained receiving social support （RSS） and giving social support（GSS） subscales, every subscales contained 3 factors （receiving material, receiving emotion, receiving service, and giving material, giving emotion, giving service）. Results： The GSS scores were higher in the only-child elderly than in the non-only-child elderly, but the SWB scores were lower in the only-child elderly （Ps 〈0. 05）. The scores of each factors of PACSSS, GSES were posi- tively correlated with SWB scores （r = 0. 24 -0. 37, Ps 〈 0. 01）. Path analysis about the only-child elderly revealed that receiving emotion, giving service, general self-efficacy had a direct on subjective well-being （β = 0. 31, 0. 17, 0. 30）. Receiving emotion, receiving material had a indirect on subjective well-being through general self-efficacy （β= 0. 06, 0. 13）. Conclusion： For the urban elderly with only-child, there may be closely relation of subjective well-being to social support, giving social support, and general self-efficacy.

关 键 词：独生子女老人 亲子支持 一般自我效能感 主观幸福感 

分 类 号：B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]