有行为问题儿童的视知觉发育评估  

Evaluation of development of visual perception ability among children with behavior problems

作　　者：王禹曈 池霞[1,2] 吴广强[1] 魏宁[1] 吴兴香[1] 童梅玲[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属南京市妇幼保健院儿保科,南京210004 [2]南京医科大学儿科医学研究所,南京210029

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2016年第11期840-844,共5页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：南京市医学科技发展项目(行为问题儿童的视知觉发育和干预研究;YKK13140)

摘　　要：目的：通过对有行为问题儿童视觉效率和视觉信息处理能力的评估与分析,了解其视知觉发育情况,为实施有针对性的早期干预、提升学习能力提供依据。方法：通过Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）,以1个或1个以上因子分超过该因子第98百分位数为判断标准筛选出有行为问题的6～11岁儿童71例,按1∶2配对设计筛选同性别且年龄相差不超过3个月的无行为问题儿童142例。采用发育性眼动测试和快速命名测试分别评估儿童视觉效率和视觉信息处理能力。结果：行为问题组儿童发育性眼动测试的异常检出率高于正常对照组（纵向测试29.6%vs.5.6%;横向测试26.8%vs.7.0%,P〈0.01）,行为问题组儿童快速命名测试中的异常检出率高于正常对照组（物体命名19.7%vs.10.6%;颜色命名15.5%vs.5.6%;数字命名28.2%vs.4.9%;汉字命名19.7%vs.9.2%;数字汉字命名21.1%vs.7.0%;数字汉字颜色命名33.8%vs.11.3%;均P〈0.05）。结论：行为问题儿童可能存在视知觉发育的缺陷,对行为问题儿童进行视知觉发育的评估有助于早期识别和早期干预。Objective： To understand the development of visual perception, to provide a basis for the implementation of targeted early intervention and improving learning skills by evaluating and analyzing the behavioral problems of children＇s visual efficiency and visual information processing ability. Methods： Seventy-one children aging from 6 - 11 years old with behavior problems were screened out with the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklists （CBCL, China）. The criteria were that one or more factor scores exceed the ninety-eighth percentile of the fac- tor. Totally 142 gender-matched children without behavior problems having an age difference of no more than 3 months were screened out by a 1： 2 matched-paired design. The children＇s visual efficiency and visual information processing ability were assessed with the Developmental Eye Movement Test and Rapid Automatized Naming Test respectively. Results： Abnormal detection rate in DEM tests was higher in children with behavior problems than in normal controls （vertical time 29.6% vs. 5.6% ;horizontal time 26.8% vs. 7.0% ;Ps 〈 0. 01 ）. Abnormal detection rate in RAN/RAS Tests was higher in children with behavior problems than in normal controls （RANpicturesl9.7% vs. 10. 6% ; RAN colors 15.5% vs. 5.6% ; RAN digits 28.2% vs. 4. 9% ; RaNchi haracters 19.7% vs. 9.2% ; RAS2colymas 21.1% vs. 7.0% ; RAS3columns 33.8% vs. It. 3% ; Ps 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion： It suggests that children with behavior problem have defects in the development of visual perception ability, and evaluation of visual perception ability be helpful to early identification and early prevention.

关 键 词：行为问题 视知觉 发育性眼动测试(DEM) 快速命名测试(RAN/RAS) 儿童 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R749.94[哲学宗教—心理学]