海上溢油池火灾灾害的计算方法研究  

The New Calculation Method on the Fire Hazards by Oil Spill Pool Fire at Sea

作　　者：段庆昊 余建星[1,2] 梁峰[3] 赵羿羽[1,2] 樊志远[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑工程学院水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]高新船舶与深海开发装备协同创新中心,上海200240 [3]海洋石油工程股份有限公司设计公司,天津300451

出　　处：《中国海洋平台》2016年第5期34-39,共6页China offshore Platform

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2014CB046803);国家自然科学基金(批准号:51239008)资助项目,国家自然科学基金(批准号:51379145)资助项目;“海洋工程作业安全模拟系统及工程应用研究(首期)”项目资助

摘　　要：基于国内外池火灾研究的理论,建立海面上有风情况下溢油火灾模型,并提出对海上作业溢油事故引发的池火灾新计算方法。其验证表明,风对池火灾的影响主要体现在火焰倾角上,风速越大,火焰倾角也越大,随着池火灾直径的增加,风的影响作用逐渐减小;风的影响还体现在火灾发生区域上风向及下风向的热辐射分布上,导致同一热辐射强度下下风向的距离要大于上风向的距离。研究了给定风速下不同直径池火灾热辐射分布,确定不同伤害准则下的上风向和下风向的安全距离公式,可以为溢油火灾现场人员疏散和安全技术管理提供有效依据。Based on the theory of pool fire research at home and abroad, the model of oil spill was set up, and the method of CFD simulation was adopted to research pool fire caused by offshore oil spill accidents. The results show that the effect of wind is mainly reflected in the flame angle. The higher the wind speeds, the greater the flame angle was. With the increasing of pool fire diameter, the influence of wind decreased;also the influence of wind is the distribution of thermal radiation in the fire area, at the same thermal radiation intensity ,the distance of down wind direction is greater than the up winddirection. Studying the different diameter of pool fires for a given wind speed, and determining the safety distance formula, can provide effective basis for the fire evacuation and the technology management of oil spill.

关 键 词：海上溢油 池火灾 安全距离 

分 类 号：TE56[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]