微生物发酵产赤霉素的研究进展  

Fermentative production of gibberellins:a review

作　　者：彭辉[1] 施天穹 聂志奎 郭东升[1] 黄和[1] 纪晓俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学生物与制药工程学院,材料化学工程国家重点实验室,江苏南京211816 [2]江西新瑞丰生化有限公司,江西新干331300

出　　处：《化工进展》2016年第11期3611-3618,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21376002,21476111);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20131405);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目

摘　　要：赤霉素为植物五大激素之一,对植物生长具有多种生理作用,如调控植物的茎干延长、种子发芽、打破种子休眠、诱导开花等。目前赤霉素已经广泛应用于农业、林业、酿造业等,具有很大经济效益和市场前景。赤霉素的工业化生产主要通过藤仓赤霉液体发酵。尽管赤霉素具有多样性的应用及巨大的经济效益,但高生产成本严重制约其广泛的应用。本文首先介绍了赤霉素的生物合成途径以及赤霉素合成基因表达的调控机制,随后重点总结了赤霉素发酵过程的菌种、营养因素、发酵参数、发酵工艺以及下游分离提纯工艺等研究进展。同时指出未来的研究重点在于利用新型的诱变方法与分子生物学方法选育高产菌株以及发酵工艺的革新,以提高赤霉素的产量,降低发酵成本,促进赤霉素的大规模应用。Gibberellins（GAs）are one of the five plant hormones which play an important role in plant growth and development. They affect stem elongation,seed germination,elimination of dormancy,flowering and so on. Gibberellins have been widely used in the agriculture,forestry and brewing industries,and have brought great economic benefits. The industrial production of gibberellins is based on submerged fermentation by Fusarium fujikuroi. Although gibberellins have a diversity of applications and huge economic benefits,high production costs severely restrict their widespread application. This review summarizes the metabolic pathway and the regulatory mechanism for gibberellins biosynthesis. Also,the strains,nutritional factors,fermentation conditions,fermentation techniques and separation and purification process are discussed in detail. Meanwhile,it is pointed out that the focus of future research should be placed on screening high-yield strains as well as improving fermentation technology,in order to reduce the production cost and achieve large-scale application of gibberellins.

关 键 词：赤霉素 萜类 发酵 藤仓赤霉 

分 类 号：Q939.97[生物学—微生物学]