广州市诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎疾病负担评估  

The estimated disease burden of norovirus gastroenteritis in Guangzhou

作　　者：万壮[1] 黄琼[2] 张永慧[2] 杨芬[2] 卢玲玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学肿瘤防治中心人事处,广东广州510060 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,广东广州511400

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第11期1135-1138,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(2014Y2-00151)

摘　　要：目的对广州市诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎的疾病负担进行评估,为政府制定传染性胃肠炎和食源性疾病管理决策和控制措施提供科学依据。方法分别评估广州市诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎散发和暴发部分的疾病负担,评估指标包括伤残调整生命年、发病率、住院率、罹患率等,数据主要来源于监测医院、历史文献资料以及"突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统"中的相关数据。结果 2014年广州市腹泻总病例数约为3 092 230人次,其中由诺如病毒感染所引起的腹泻病例数约为608 860人次。广州市2014年诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎年发病率为4 655/10万,住院率为0.03%,共发生暴发疫情6起,病例942例,平均罹患率为2.63%。综合散发与暴发数据,广州市2014年诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎的疾病负担为2 212 DALYs。结论广州市诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎疾病负担较高,相关卫生部门应重视并加强对诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎的预防、控制管理以及教育宣传,开展针对性防控。Objective This study aims to estimate the disease burden of norovirus gastroenteritis in Guangzhou in 2014, and provide scientific evidence for the government＇ s decision-making and control measures for infectious gastroenter- itis and foodborne diseases. Methods The study was conducted by separately estimating the disease burden of both the outbreak and sporadic situations of norovirus gastroenteritis in Guangzhou. The indicators include disability-adjusted life years, morbidity, hospitalisation rate and morbidity. Data was acquired from monitoring hospitals, other research literature and the public health emergency management information system. Results The total number of diarrhoea cases was ap- proximately 3 092 230 in Guangzhou in 2014, of which 608 860 cases were related to a norovirns infection. The annum in- cidence of norovirus gastroenteritis was 4 655/100 000 people, with a hospitalisation rate of 0.03%. There were also six cases of outbreaks in Guangzhou in 2014, with an average prevalence of 2. 63%. Integrating the data from sporadic and outbreak situations, the estimated disease burden of norovirus gastroenteritis in Guangzhou in 2014 was 2 212 DALYs. Conclusions The disease burden of norovirns gastroenteritis in Guangzhou is high, indicating that relevant health depart- ments should strengthen their prevention, control and management efforts for norovirns gastroenteritis infections, in addition to increasing education and awareness.

关 键 词：胃肠炎 疾病暴发流行 患病代价 

分 类 号：R57[医药卫生—消化系统] R181[医药卫生—内科学]