毛细管电泳技术在微量物证检验中的应用  

Application of Capillary Electrophoresis in Trace Evidence Analysis

作　　者：胡灿[1] 梅宏成[1] 郭洪玲[1] 朱军[1] 权养科[1] 

机构地区：[1]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《刑事技术》2016年第5期361-366,共6页Forensic Science and Technology

摘　　要：毛细管电泳(capillary electrophoresis,CE)是以毛细管为分离通道的高效分离分析技术,具有分离效率高、分析速度快、分析成本低、操作简便、样品和试剂消耗少等优点,在物证鉴定领域应用广泛。本文简要介绍了CE的工作原理及分离模式,对CE在国内外微量物证领域的应用研究成果进行了综述,包括爆炸残留物、射击残留物、文字书写色料、纤维染料的分析检测等方面。对CE在微量物证检验上的优势与存在的问题也进行了探讨,指出了CE应用于微量物证实际办案的可能发展方向。Capillary electrophoresis （CE） is an electrokinetic separation method performed in capillaries of submillimeter diameter. It is applicable for determining varieties of chemical substances including inorganic ions, small organic molecules, chiral compounds, macromolecules, and intact viruses or cells. In forensic sciences, the characterization and quantitation are of great importance for chemical substances from complex mixtures at trace levels. Separation prior to identification is hence necessary. CE is attractive for forensic applications because of its exceptional separating efficiency, rapid operating speed, economy in reagents and consumables, plus the minimally required amounts of sample. Till present, it has been applied to a wide range of analytes of forensic interests such as DNA, illicit drugs, toxic samples, explosives＇ residues, and pen inks. Numerous articles about CE applications involving the analytical problems of potential interest for the forensic researchers and scientists have been published in most premiere journals of chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, laboratory medicine, human genetics, inter alia. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of CE application for trace evidence analysis in the following aspects： （i） explosive residue, （ii） gunshot residue, （iii） pen inks, （iv） fiber dyes. The separation principle and six modes of capillary electrophoresis （CZE, MEKC, CGE, CIEF, CITP, CEC） have been summarized, together with the discussion of the advantages and existing problems for the analysis of trace evidence. The main features of CE lie on its applicable versatilities through the same instrument and, in most cases, even the same one capillary, with only the running buffer being changed. Nevertheless, the single use of CE limits its forensic application due to the low sensitivity of UV detection. Promisingly, the coalescence of CE with mass spectrometry （MS） has in recent years significantly improved the sensitivity and specifici

关 键 词：微量物证 毛细管电泳 爆炸残留物 射击残留物 

分 类 号：DF794.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]