中国药典中有关中药去皮问题的现状  

Current Situation of Peel-Removing of Relevant Chinese Medicine in Chinese Pharmacopoeia

作　　者：吴玟萱 刘勇[1] 何元松 张北月 吕跃玮 魏永恒[1] 房楠[1] 石晋丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100102

出　　处：《河南中医》2016年第11期2043-2046,共4页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：《中国药典》中需去皮的中药甚多,但中药是否应去皮仍存在诸多争议。首先,关于去皮问题的现代研究尚缺乏系统性。大多研究仅着手于化学成分、药效学评价中的一或两部分内容,未能从本草考证、化学成分研究、药效学评价、安全性评价和采收加工炮制等方面统筹考虑,使很多关于去皮的争议不能得到合理解决。其次,关于去皮问题的关键评价指标尚未明确,当化学成分、药效或安全性三者研究结果相矛盾时,应首先考虑哪一方面?另外,关于去皮问题没有按临床应用分类考虑。不同的临床应用(如药用部位不同)应该对应不同的加工采收方法,去皮与否与临床疗效密切相关。对此,笔者对今后研究中药去皮问题的提出以下建议:1首先,应对该药材进行本草考证,整理医史文献,明确该药材去皮问题在历代医家著作中记载情况。2应重点考虑去皮与否与临床使用安全性的关系,建立完善的安全性评价体系。本文整理的文献中除大毒中药外,其他药材毒性研究较少,仅部分药材有微量元素含量的报道。3对化学成分及药理作用结合的研究是必要的,特别是活性成分含量及药效直接关系到临床疗效。4应尽可能考虑药材采收加工炮制在实际操作中是否方便快捷。5同一药材,如果有不同的临床应用应该对应不同的加工采收方法,所以同一药材可以按临床应用选择是否去皮。In Chinese Pharmacopoeia, there are many Chinese herbs requiring removing the peels, but whether Chinese medicine needs removing its peel is controversial. Firstly, the current researches on peel-removing problem lack symtematicness. Most re- searches only center on one or two aspects of the chemical components and phannacodynamie evaluation, failing to comprehen- sively consider the textual research of the Chinese materia medica, research on the chemical components, pharmaeodynamic eval- uation, safety evaluation and collecting, processing and preparation and resulting in improper solution for the controversy of peel- removing. Secondly, the key evaluation criteria of peel-removing problem is not clear. When the research results of chemical components, drug effects and safety are contradictory, which one should be firstly considered？ Besides, the peel-removing prob- lem is not considered according to the clinical application classification. Different clinical application （like ditt＇erent medicinal parts） corresponds to different processing, collecting methods; whether to remove the peel is closely related with the clinical effi- cacy. For this, the author proposes the following advices for future research ： Firsl, conduct textual research of the materia medi- ca of the target medicine, arrange medical historical literature and identify the records of the peel-removing problem of the target herb. Second, give great consideration to the relationship between the peel-removing problem and the safety of clinical applica- tion, and establish thorough safety evaluation system. Except for the Chinese herbs with strong toxicity in the arranged literatures in this paper, researches on the toxicity of other herbs are very few; there are only some reports on the micronutrient levels of some herbs. Third, it is necessary to conduct research on the combination of chemical components and pharmacologic action, es- pecially the content of active component and the efficacy are directly related with the clinical effects.

关 键 词：《中国药典》 中药 去皮 

分 类 号：R222.2[医药卫生—中医基础理论]