珠海市围产儿2008-2012年唇腭裂流行现况及影响因素分析  

Perinatal Cleft Lip and Palate in 2008-2012 in Zhuhai:An Epidemiological Survey and Associated Factors Analysis

作　　者：贝伟红 叶君[1] 刘艳华[1] 戚小兵[1] 伍平[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省珠海市妇幼保健院,珠海519000

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（医学版）》2016年第5期563-566,共4页Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金资助项目(No:A2013639)

摘　　要：目的了解珠海市围产儿2008-2012年唇腭裂的流行病学特征,探讨其发病的影响因素,为早期预防提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样的病例对照研究,以珠海市2008-2012年期间监测到的113例唇腭裂患儿为病例,随机抽取113例正常儿童为对照,利用问卷对唇腭裂发病相关因素进行调查。利用卡方检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析筛选出唇腭裂发病的相关因素。结果珠海市围产儿2008-2012年总唇腭裂281例,发生率为2.12‰。其发生率在年度和性别间差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。单因素分析结果显示,唇腭裂家族病史、母亲异常生育史、孕期被动吸烟史、孕早期患病、精神压力大和孕早期未服用叶酸在病例组的比例显著高于对照组（均P〈0.05）。多因素分析结果表明唇腭裂家族史（OR=11.41,95%CI：2.12-62.70）、母亲孕早期患病（OR=4.19,95%CI：2.38-7.56）和精神压力大（OR=2.56,95%CI：1.28-5.88）是围产儿唇腭裂发生的危险因素;母亲孕早期服用叶酸（OR=0.21,95%CI：0.07-0.78）是其保护因素。结论珠海市围产儿2008-2012年间唇腭裂发病率维持在较高水平,应增强孕前、孕期健康保健意识,加强孕前的遗传优生咨询和强化及时补充叶酸,以减少唇腭裂的发生。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of perinatal cleft lip and palate from 2008 to 2012in Zhuhai and analyze its associated factors in an attempt to provide scientific evidence for the early prevention of perinatal cleft lip and palate.Methods Randomized case-control method was used in the study.A total of 113 children with cleft lip and palate were surveyed by using the questionnaire designed to identify the associated factors of the development of cleft lip and palate,with 113 healthy children serving as the control group.Chi-square test and multiple nonconditional logistic regression model were used for the statistical analyses.Results There were 281 cases of perinatal cleft lip and palate（2.12‰）in Zhuhai from2008 to 2012.No significant difference was found in the incidence of perinatal cleft lip and palate between years and between child genders（P〈0.05）.Univariate analysis showed that the family history of cleft lip and palate,abnormal reproductive history,passive smoking during pregnancy,disease history in the early pregnancy,great mental stress and no folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy were associated with perinatal cleft lip and palate（P〈0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the family history of cleft lip and palate（OR=11.41,95%CI：2.12-62.7）,getting sick at the early stage of pregnancy（OR=4.19,95%CI：2.38-7.56）,and great mental stress during early pregnancy（OR=2.56,95%CI：1.28-5.88）were risk factors for perinatal cleft lip and palate.Folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy was a protective factor（OR=0.21,95%CI：0.07-0.78）.Conclusion The prevalence of perinatal cleft lip and palate was high in Zhuhai in 2008-2012.We should enhance women＇s health care awareness about pregnancy,strengthen the genetic consultation before the pregnancy and encourage timely supplementation of folic acid during the pregnancy in order to reduce the occurrence of cleft lip and palate.

关 键 词：唇裂 腭裂 流行病学研究 病例对照研究 影响因素 

分 类 号：R782.2[医药卫生—口腔医学]