2013～2015年凯里市美沙酮维持治疗门诊病人多药滥用调查  

Survey on multi-drug abuse among patients at methadone maintenance treatment clinic,Kaili city,2013-2015

作　　者：孙杰英 

机构地区：[1]凯里市疾病预防控制中心,贵州凯里556000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2016年第9期692-695,698,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解凯里市疾病预防控制中心美沙酮维持治疗门诊脱失病人药物滥用现况及其对公共安全的影响，为政府制订和实施防治吸毒措施提供依据。方法对脱失病人及其亲属进行面对面的访谈调查，采用SPSS17．0软件对数据进行分析。结果2013～2015年，调查脱失病人分别为121、107、106例。去除重复被调查病例数，3年共调查233例，共计542例次。其中，药物滥用病例175例，滥用比例为75．11％。各年度调查病例中存在滥用药物比例分别为79．33％、72．90％、68．87％；滥用药物病人中当年交叉滥用药物的比例分别为8．26％、12．15％、13．21％。多药滥用或交叉滥用导致多药并存依赖及相关死亡6例，占滥用者的3．43％。滥用物质包括传统毒品、新型合成毒品、医疗用药品、无国家批准文号及中国电子监管码的物质。共计4类17种。其中，海洛因、冰毒、阳光胶囊、复方地方诺酯片、曲马多、复方异丙嗪注射液、地西泮注射液是美沙酮维持治疗人群主要滥用物质。滥用的医疗用药品获得途径均为零售药店、个体诊所；无国家批准与电子监管的物质均为网络邮购。结论美沙酮维持治疗门诊脱失病人多药滥用情况普遍。其中，尤以海洛因与新型合成毒品交叉或混合滥用和海洛因与多种处方药混合滥用问题突出。多药滥用造成相关死亡问题严重。处方药及无国家批准与电子监管药物的营运与网络邮购监管问题严重。Objective To understand the current status of drug abuse among depigmentation patients at the methadone maintenance treatment clinic of Kaili city center for disease control and prevention,and its influence on public security,so as to provide the basis for formulation and implementation of prevention and control measures of drug use by the government. Methods A one-on-one interview survey was conducted among the depigmentation patients and their relatives, and SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results During 2013-2015, 121 cases, 107 cases, and 106 cases depigmentation patients were surveyed respectively. After the removal of duplicate investigated cases, a total of 233 cases were investigated, with a total of 542 cases/times. Among them, 175 were drug abuse cases, accounting for 75.11%. The drug abuse proportion of the annual survey cases accounted for 79.33%, 72.90% ,and 68.87%;The proportion of annual cross drug abuse in patients with drug abuse accounted for 8.26%,12.15%,and 13.21% respectively. 6 were multi or cross drug abuse coexistence and dependence or related death cases,accounting for 3.43% of the abusers. The abuse substances included traditional drugs, new synthetic drugs, drugs for medical use, and substances without state approval number and the China electronic supervision code. 17 kinds and 4 categories in all. Among them, heroin, methamphetamine, sunshine capsule, compound diphenoxylate tablets, tramadol, promethazine hydrochloride Injection, and diazepam injection were the main substance abuse for the methadone maintenance treatment population. The accesses to abuse drugs for medical use were retail pharmacies and individual clinics;The access to substances without state approval number and the China electronic supervision was the web mail order. Conclusion The multi-drug abuse is common among depigmentation patients at the methadone maintenance treatment clinic. Among them, especially problems in the heroin and the new synthetic drugs or mixed and mixed abuse with a varie

关 键 词：美沙酮维持治疗病人 多药滥用 公共安全 药品监管 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]