基于主动约束阻尼层的次镜支撑结构设计  

Support design of secondary mirror based on active constrained layer damping treatments

作　　者：田士涛 徐振邦[1] 秦超[1] 夏明一[1] 吴清文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所空间机器人工程中心空间机器人系统创新研究室,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2016年第11期207-215,共9页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11302222);中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所创新基金(Y2CX1SS125)

摘　　要：为了提高空间望远镜次镜支撑结构的动力学性能,利用主动约束阻尼层对次镜支撑结构进行了设计,主动约束阻尼层在柔性结构表面覆盖阻尼材料和压电陶瓷材料,是对柔性结构进行振动抑制的有效手段。首先建立了主动约束阻尼层的有限元模型,采用比例微分控制算法对压电陶瓷进行闭环控制,分析了阻尼材料厚度和控制增益对支撑结构阻尼特性的影响,结果表明增大阻尼层厚度或增大控制增益能够提高结构阻尼特性,但增大阻尼层厚度同时也会降低压电陶瓷的驱动性能。对空间望远镜整体结构的分析结果显示,覆盖主动约束阻尼层后支撑结构的固有频率会略微降低,但是次镜位置的频率响应明显下降,次镜的面型精度也有提高。Active constrained layer damping treatments were applied to the secondary mirror supporting structure for space telescopes in order to improve its dynamic performance. Active constrained layer damping treatments, which apply piezoelectric actuators and viscoelastic materials to flexible structures, promise to be an effective means of vibration suppression in flexible structures. A finite element model for active constrained layer damping treatments was developed and a proportional derivative control law was applied on piezoelectric ceramics. Effects of key parameters, such as viscoelastic layer thickness and control gain were investigated. It is shown that the increase of viscoelastic layer thickness and control gain could both enhance the damping capability. However, the actuation ability of piezoelectric ceramics is reduced by the viscoelastic layer. Analysis results of the telescope indicate that natural frequencies of the supporting structure decrease slightly after employing active constrained layer damping treatments. However, the frequency response at the secondary mirror is suppressed apparently and the surface accuracy is improved as well.

关 键 词：空间望远镜 次镜支撑结构 主动约束阻尼层 有限元方法 动力学 

分 类 号：TH751[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]