抗凋亡的“原癌基因”Bcl-2实为抗癌基因  

The antiapoptotic “oncogene” Bcl-2 is a de facto tumor suppressor

作　　者：付大富 梁媛[2,3] 覃君慧[2,3] 克祯彧 王瑞安[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学学员1旅5营,陕西西安710032 [2]第四军医大学西京医院病理科,陕西西安710032 [3]第四军医大学基础医学院病理学教研室,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《医学争鸣》2016年第5期34-37,共4页Negative

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30971535)

摘　　要：长期以来,细胞凋亡减少被认为是肿瘤发生的重要原因和机制,具有抗凋亡作用的基因被认为是癌基因。Bcl-2是在滤泡性B细胞淋巴瘤中分离出来的具有很强抗凋亡作用的基因,是这类癌基因的原型。吊诡的是,Bcl-2对肿瘤的发生和发展有很强的抑制作用。这种作用包括三个方面:1在培养细胞,Bcl-2的过表达可抑制细胞的生长和集落的形成;2在转基因动物,Bcl-2的过表达可抑制化学致癌物和其他癌基因诱发的肿瘤发生和生长;3在多种肿瘤,Bcl-2的过表达与患者的预后好相关。Bcl-2的这种生物学作用提示我们应该对癌基因和抑癌基因的概念进行反思。我们认为,Bcl-2应该被视为抑癌基因。并且,在癌症治疗中可以采用模拟Bcl-2的生物学作用的方式来实现带瘤生存。The antiapoptotic genes have long been taken as a type of oncogenes, since reduced cell death has been regarded as an important mechanism of oncogenesis and cancer development. Bcl-2 is a prototype of the antiapoptotic genes originally isolated from the follicular B cell lymphoma. Paradoxically, Bcl-2 has a strong tumor suppressing effect, which is showed in the following aspects： 1 overexpressed Bcl-2 inhibits the focus formation and cell growth ex vivo; 2overexpressed Bcl-2 inhibits carcinogenesis induced by chemical carcinogens and other oncogenes in transgenic animal studies; 3the overexpression is positively associated with favorable clinical outcomes of cancer patients. These paradoxical functions of Bcl-2 drive us to reconsider the concepts of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. We suggest putting Bcl-2 and other antiapoptotic genes in the tumor suppressor genes, instead of oncogenes. Further, instead of blocking Bcl-2, a reverse strategy of mimicking the effects of Bcl-2 can be adopted in the cancer treatment.

关 键 词：BCL-2 细胞凋亡 癌基因 抑癌基因 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]