应用多智能体模型验证中心地理论的空间布局结构  

Using Multi-agent Simulation Method to Verify the Space Structure of Central Place Theory

作　　者：刘润姣 石磊[3] 蒋涤非[3] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校中国城市研究中心,北卡罗来纳州教堂山市27599 [3]中南大学建筑与艺术学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2016年第6期18-24,共7页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：中国国家留学基金资助项目(留金发[2015]3022)

摘　　要：中心地理论作为城市系统研究最重要的基础理论之一,其有关城市空间等级体系的论述一直是众多学者分析和关注的焦点,但是理想化的环境假设阻碍了人们从现实中寻找证据来证明理论内容的有效性。该文提出利用多智能体建模技术开展仿真研究工作,然后通过模拟不同类型商业设施之间的信息交流、分析决策以及区位调整行为,对城市系统自发形成等级结构体系的过程进行验证。相关研究结果显示,在资源竞争压力逐渐增加的情况下,实行效益最大化原则的商业设施会不断地从城市中心向四周偏远地区迁移,以便能够争取到更多的潜在消费顾客;并且设施等级越高,服务范围越大,其需要扩散的空间距离也就越长;最终它们会在虚拟城市内部形成动态平衡的等级分布结构,从而有效地验证了中心地理论在分析层级体系形成机制方面的准确性。最后,在总结当前研究成果的基础上,针对未来模型实验的改进提出了切实可行的参考建议。The Central Place Theory(CPT)is one of the most important as well as fundamental theories in the discipline of urban planning and geography.And due to the unrealistic assumptions applied to its environment settings,people can hardly find any evidence from real world to prove the effectiveness for the CPT.Therefore,in order to provide a reliable theoretical basis for urban studies in the future,this paper proposed to use the Multi-agent Simulation System(MAS)to conduct the verification research on CPT.And the main operation mechanism for this model is to set up different types of agents to represent the commercial facilities with different grades,and let them interact with each other through activities like exchanging,evaluating and adjusting in this virtual city environment,so that we could observe the spontaneous developing process of hierarchical space structure following the sequence of ' bottom-up',and validate the CPT theory based on its simulation results.As we can see from the general space layouts obtained in different operating phases,while the competition pressure in central area is growing up,those commercial agents,who obeyed the principle of utility-maximization to arrange their activities,would constantly move from the city center to the periphery areas near the edge,for the purpose of winning over as many potential customers as they could.Considering that there is a positive correlation between the facility grades and its sales areas,the commercial agents owning higher grades have to move longer space distance to avoid from the competitors of same type.And when the migration process has come to an end,all different types of commercial agents would eventually together produce a dynamic general layout with distinct hierarchical space structure,which can be taken as a solid evidence for the accuracy of formation mechanism as illustrated by CPT.Also,some useful suggestions about the improvement of modeling methods are put forward in the end of this paper,after it finished the summarization work on the

关 键 词：中心地理论 多智能体系统 NETLOGO 商业布局 复杂城市系统 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]