水分对夏玉米生物量和水分积累量动态变化的影响  

Dynamic Changes of Biomass and Water Accumulation Under Different Water Regimes in Summer Maize

作　　者：赵犇[1] 刘战东[1] 刘祖贵[1] 元政 秦安振[1] 宁东峰[1] 南纪琴[1] 肖俊夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第11期11-14,共4页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(nycytx-02);河南省自然科学基金项目(162300410154);国家自然科学基金项目(51309226)

摘　　要：2015年焦作广利灌区灌溉试验站设置了夏玉米不同水分处理的桶栽试验,定量研究了不同水分处理对夏玉米单株生物量、水分积累量及水分生理利用效率动态变化的影响,结果表明：夏玉米单株生物量和水分积累量随播种后天数的动态变化呈现S型曲线,土壤含水量维持在70%左右田间持水量下地上部生物量、水分积累量最高,其动态累积模型的特征参数值最为协调,产量最高。在拔节期之前,夏玉米水分生理利用效率在不同水分处理间保持在0.8～1之间,拔节之后迅速下降并维持在0.3左右,不容易受到外界环境影响,可以作为一个评价夏玉米品种水分利用效率高低的指标。In order to quantitatively study the dynamic changes of biomass accumulation, water accumulation, and water physiological use efficiency for per plant of summer corn, a pot experiment with five water treatments was carried out at the Guangli irrigation ex- periment station of Jiaozuo in 2015. The result indicated that the dynamic changes of per plant biomass and water accumulation of summer corn exhibited a sigmoid curve with the days after sowing, the value of the total biomass and water accumulation were the biggest when the soil moisture was 70% field moisture capacity, the eigenvalues of the dynamic accumulation curves were more har- monious than that with other treatments, which induced that the yield of this treatment was the maximum. Before the jointing stage, the water physiological use efficiency of summer corn was between 0. 8 and 1, while after the jointing stage, the water physiological use efficiency rapidly decreased and kept near to 0. 3. This index was not affected by the external environment and could be used to evaluate water physiological use efficiency of summer corn.

关 键 词：夏玉米 水分处理 地上部生物量 水分生理利用效率 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]