黄嘴白鹭初雏性比与窝卵数之间的变化规律  

Hatching Sex Ratio Varied with Clutch Size in the Vulnerable Chinese Egret(Egretta eulophotes)

作　　者：雷威[1] 林清贤[1] 陈小麟[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学环境与生态学院,滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期510-514,共5页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41476113,31272333);科技部科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110200);福建省科技创新平台项目(2010Y2007)

摘　　要：采用性别鉴定分子技术研究易危物种黄嘴白鹭(Egretta eulophotes)的初雏性别比例(性比),探讨晚成鸟初雏性比与窝卵数之间的变化规律.在种群水平上,黄嘴白鹭初雏性比没有显著的雌雄偏向(47.37%雄性,p=0.37);平均窝卵数为3.71±0.09(n=109),其中,拥有4枚卵的巢最常见(57.80%).在巢水平上,初雏性比随窝卵数而变化(p=0.003);拥有3枚卵的巢的初雏性比具有显著的雄性偏向(69.23%雄性,p=0.02),而拥有4枚卵的巢无显著的性别偏向(44.23%雄性,p=0.17),拥有5枚卵的巢则有显著的雌性偏向(31.43%雄性,p=0.04);拥有3枚卵的巢的初雏性比显著大于拥有4枚卵的巢(p=0.005)及5枚卵的巢(p=0.001),而初雏性比在拥有4枚卵的巢与拥有5枚卵的巢之间无显著差异(p=0.17).综上可见,黄嘴白鹭具有晚成鸟特有的性别分配机制,即窝卵数的变化能调整初雏性比.This study used a molecular sexing technique to investigate the hatching sex ratio in the vulnerable Chinese egret （Egret-ta eulophotes）for the first time,and examined the variation of hatching sex ratio in relation to clutch size in this altricial bird.The hatching sex ratio of the Chinese egret was unbiased in the whole population （47.37% males,p=0.37）.In this egret,the mean clutch size was 3.71±0.09 （n=109）,and four-egg occurred frequently in clutches （57.80%）.However,there was a significant ex-cess of males in three-egg clutches （69.23% males,p=0.02）,whereas deficit in five-egg clutches （31.43% males,p=0.04）,but no deviation from parity for four-egg clutches （44.23% males,p=0.17）.The three-egg clutch category differed significantly from four-egg （p=0.005）and five-egg （p=0.001）clutch categories in hatching sex ratios,whereas the latter two clutch-size categories did not significantly differ from each other （p=0.17）.These results confirm that the Chinese egret has the sex allocation mechanism specific in altricial birds,that is,the hatching sex ratio varies with clutch size.

关 键 词：初雏性比 窝卵数 黄嘴白鹭 性双态 鹭科鸟类 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]