平原河网水体氮污染对氮循环菌的影响  

Effects of aquatic nitrogen pollution on the nitrogen cycling bacteria in plain river network

作　　者：魏志远[1] 王婷[1,2] 徐凯[1] 许磊[1] 滕一鸣[1] 蔡贤雷[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学浙江省流域水环境与健康风险研究重点实验室,温州325035 [2]浙南水科学研究院,温州325035

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2016年第4期812-817,共6页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：温州市科技计划项目(S20140042;S20140041);温州医科大学科研发展基金项目(QTJ13014)联合资助

摘　　要：采用最大可能数法对平原河网地区不同氮污染程度河道水体中浮游、颗粒附着及底泥中的氨化、亚硝化、硝化和反硝化菌进行测定,研究水体氮污染程度对氮循环菌不同种群的影响效应及其分布特征.结果表明,浮游、颗粒附着和底泥中亚硝化菌的丰度随着水体氮污染程度的增加而升高,但不同氮污染程度下氮循环菌种群结构组成之间差异不大,而浮游、颗粒附着及底泥生活类型之间的氮循环菌种群结构组成存在较大差异,其中浮游与底泥中氮循环菌种群组成结构之间差异最大.在氮污染水体中,浮游、颗粒附着和底泥氮循环菌中均以氨化菌为优势种群,显著高出其他氮循环菌种群多个数量级,而亚硝化菌和硝化菌丰度相对较低,反硝化菌在水体悬浮颗粒物上存在相对较高的丰度,不同氮循环菌种群组成比例存在失衡现象.To explore the effects of aquatic nitrogen pollution on nitrogen cycling bacteria in plain river network, the abundances of planktonic, particle-attached and benthic nitrogen cycling bacteria （ ammonifying bacteria, nitrosobacteria, nitrobacteria and deni- trifying bacteria） were determined by the most probable number （MPN） method in three different study sites with different loads of nitrogen pollution. Although the abundance of nitrosobacteria increased with the nitrogen pollution loads, the nitrogen pollution loads had no significant effect on the relative proportions of nitrogen cycling bacteria. However, there were significant differences in the relative proportions of nitrogen cycling bacteria among the planktonic, particle-attached and benthic habitats. The greatest differences in the relative proportions of nitrogen cycling bacteria were found between the planktonic and benthic habitats. Further- more, in the nitrogen polluted water bodies, the ammonifying bacteria were the dominant group, not only in the water, but also in the sediment. The abundance of ammonifying bacteria was significantly higher as compared to that of other nitrogen cycling bacteri- a, the abundances of nitrosobacteria and nitrobacteria were relatively lower, and the denitrifying bacteria were more abundant on the suspend particle than other habitats. These results suggested that the relative proportions of nitrogen cycling bacteria in the ni- trogen pollution were unbalanced.

关 键 词：氨化细菌 亚硝化细菌 硝化细菌 反硝化细菌 氮污染 平原河网 最大可能数法 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52