轮面曲率半径对沙地刚性轮沉陷性能影响研究  

Effect of Wheel Surface Curvature Radius on Sinkage Performance of Sand Rigid Wheel

作　　者：张锐[1] 吉巧丽 张四华[2] 刘芳 李建桥[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022 [2]中国电子科技集团第二十八研究所,南京210007 [3]青岛征和工业有限公司,青岛266705

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第11期341-349,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51275199);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20140101074JC)

摘　　要：轮面曲率半径对沙地刚性轮的沉陷性能影响至关重要。通过轮面承压试验、轮壤台架动态试验和离散元数值模拟分别对6种不同轮面曲率半径的平面、凹面和凸面沙地刚性轮在3种不同颗粒形状及粒径大小沙土上的沉陷性能进行分析。在轮面承压试验中,相比其他轮面曲率半径的车轮,平面轮在细径石英砂和粉尘状火山灰上的抗沉陷性能均最好。与其他沙土介质相比,粗径石英砂上所有轮面车轮的沉陷量最小。轮面承压模拟结果表明,平面轮下沙土颗粒的力场分布均匀,轮下颗粒溢出量小,有效说明平面轮沉陷量最小的原理。在细径石英砂轮壤台架动态试验中,凹面R80车轮在行驶初期(位移小于50 cm)沉陷量最小,行驶到稳定状态后(位移大于70 cm),凹面R60车轮的动态沉陷量最小;在粉尘状火山灰轮壤台架动态试验中,凹面R60车轮在整个运动范围内的沉陷量最小。因此,在细径石英砂和粉尘状火山灰上行驶过程中,轮面曲率半径较大的凹面轮的抗沉陷性能较好。此外,由车轮行驶在细径石英砂离散元模拟可知,凹面轮的受力区域集中在轮面两侧,轮面内凹结构可有效防止沙土侧向流动并减小对沙土的扰动。本文研究不仅为承压和行驶条件下不同曲率半径轮面的车轮在沙土介质上的沉陷性能判断提供参考依据,而且为沙漠或者深空探测车辆轮/胎的轮面结构设计提供重要理论依据。It is important that wheel surface curvature radius has an influence on the sinkage performance of rigid wheel in sandy environment. Based on wheel surface pressure-sinkage experiment, dynamic experiment of soil bin bench and discrete element numerical simulation, the sinkage performance of rigid wheel moving on sand of flat, concave （wheel surface curvature radius was 80 ram, 120 mm, and 60 mm） and convex （wheel surface curvature radius was 80 mm and 120 mm） surface of six different wheel surface curvature radii in three different shape and size sand particles （coarse diameter quartz sand, fine diameter quartz sand and dust volcanic ash） were analyzed. The pressure-sinkage experiment showed that compared with other rigid wheel of different wheel surface curvature radius, the sinkage of rigid wheel with flat surface was the smallest on fine diameter quartz and dust volcanic ash. Compared with other sand medium, the sinkage of all wheels with flat, concave and convex surface were the smallest of all on coarse diameter quartz sand. Numerical simulation of wheel surface pressure-sinkage showed that the force field distribution of sand particle under flat surface wheel was homogeneous and overflowed particles were small. Dynamic experiment of soil bin bench showed that the sinkage of concave R80 wheel was the smallest at the beginning of travelling period （ the displacements were less than 50 cm） , then the sinkage of concave R60 wheel was the smallest at the travelling steady state （the displacements were larger than 70 cm）. On the dust volcanic ash, within the scope of the whole movement, the sinkage of concave R60 wheel was the smallest of all. Therefore, on the fine diameter quartz and dust volcanic ash, the larger wheel surface curvature radius of concave surface wheel, the better anti-subsidence performance. In addition, dynamic discrete element simulation on fine diameter quartz sand demonstrated that stress area of concave wheel was focused on both sides of the wheel and concave structure

关 键 词：轮面曲率半径 沙地刚性轮 沉陷性能 承压与台架试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] V461.5