重复呈现悲伤情绪面孔对有抑郁症状的大学生注意偏向的影响  

Influence of repeatedly suprathreshold and subthreshold presentation of sad face on attention bias of college students with depressive symptoms

作　　者：陈蓉 冯正直[2] 刘阳娥[2] 戴琴[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市沙坪坝区歌乐山社区服务中心,400036 [2]第三军医大学心理学院,重庆400038

出　　处：《重庆医学》2016年第33期4636-4638,4642,共4页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：军队医药卫生重大项目(AWS13J003)

摘　　要：目的探讨重复呈现的阈上或阈下悲伤情绪面孔对有抑郁症状的大学生注意偏向的影响。方法整群抽取500名大学生,以贝克抑郁量表和抑郁自评量表为筛选工具,选取健康对照(C组)、抑郁症状得分低者(B组)和抑郁症状得分高者(A组)被试各20名。从中科院心理研究所研制的情绪面孔库中选取中性情绪面孔20张和悲伤情绪面孔52张,分别重复呈现4次阈上(1 000ms)、阈下(14ms)情绪面孔给3组被试者,进行点探测任务的试验,测量3组对情绪面孔的反应时间、正确率和注意偏向得分。结果 (1)3组被试者在4次阈上、阈下呈现的悲伤面孔的正确率方面差异无统计学意义;(2)A组在第4次阈上、阈下呈现悲伤情绪面孔的平均反应时间明显低于前3次呈现的平均反应时间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而C、B组在呈现悲伤情绪面孔的次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)与C组相比,A组对阈上呈现的悲伤情绪面孔在平均注意偏向分值、悲伤情绪面孔呈现次数两个方面有明显的主效应(P<0.05),在呈现时间、呈现次数、组别之间存在明显的交互作用(P<0.05);(4)A组在第1次、第2次和第3次阈上呈现悲伤情绪面孔时出现显著的注意偏向,但这种偏向在第4次时消失。结论阈上(1 000ms)呈现悲伤情绪面孔第4次使抑郁症状高分组大学生注意偏向消失。Objective To explore the influence of repeatedly suprathreshold and subthreshold presentation of sad face on the attention bias of college students with depressive symptoms.Methods Five hundreds college students were extracted by using the cluster sampling method.The Beck Depression Inventory（BDI）and Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）as the screening tool were applied to select the healthy control group（C）,low-level depression group（B）and high-level depression group（A）,20 participants in each group.Twenty neutral faces and 52 sad faces were selected from the emotional faces library researched and prepared by the Institute of Psychology of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Each face was suprathresholdly（1 000ms）and subthresholdly（14ms）presented four times to the participants.In the point detection task,the scores of response time,correction rate and attention bias of 3groups to the emotional faces were recorded.Results（1）There was no statistically significant difference in the correction rate for 4times suprathreshold and subthreshold presentations of sad faces between three groups;（2）The average response time of the fourth superathreshold and subthreshold presentation of sad faces in the group A was significantly lower than that of the first three times,the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.01）,but the times of sad emotional face presentation had no statistically significant difference between the group C and B（P〉0.05）;（3）compared with the group C,for the suprathesholdly presented sad face,the group A had significant a main effect in the aspects of average score of attention bias and sad emotional face presentation times（F=12.032,P〈0.05;F=91.637,P〈0.05）,and had a significant interaction effect among the duration and times of presentation and group types（F=16.766,P〈0.05）;（4）the group A showed significant attention bias of suprathresholdly presented sad faces at first,second and third time of presentation,but lost the bias at the fourth time.

关 键 词：抑郁症 注意偏向 点探测任务 情绪面孔 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]