不同浓度盐胁迫下盐穗木叶片结构的比较观察  

Leaf Anatomical Structure of Halostachys caspica under Different Concentrations of Salt Stress

作　　者：王虹[1] 齐政[1] 张富春[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆生物资源与基因工程重点实验室/新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第11期2098-2105,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"973"计划前期研究专项(2012CB722204);新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室专项资金(2014KL001);新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放项目(XJDX0201-2014-04)~~

摘　　要：【目的】盐穗木叶片退化成鳞片状,在植株的光合作用中不是起主要作用,但其对逆境的变化很敏感,研究盐胁迫下盐穗木叶片结构变化,找出其最佳盐浓度范围。【方法】可用不同盐浓度胁迫下,切片后显微镜观察盐穗木叶片细胞结构的变化。【结果】随着盐浓度的增加,盐穗木叶片逐渐变厚,细胞排列由疏松到紧密,含晶细胞和储水细胞大而多,表皮细胞壁向外呈乳突状凸起逐渐增多,可以充分的吸收水分,而叶片表皮细胞壁外凸又由乳突状到毛状,细胞中水分的减少。叶表皮和气孔中有较多晶体,盐穗木叶片上的气孔器与表皮细胞的角质层均可以向外泌盐。【结论】盐穗木是一种聚盐和泌盐混合形式的盐生植物。在盐浓度在300~500 mmol/L下,盐穗木叶片细胞结构较正常,是其生长的最佳盐浓度范围。【Objective】Although leaves of Halostachys caspica degenerate into a scaly shape and don ’t play a major role in plant photosynthesis,but they are very sensitive to the changes of environment.【Method】As an important organ,the leaf cell structure was observed under different salt concentration stresses by microscopes. 【Result】With the increase of salt concentration,the leaves of H. caspica were getting thicker progressively,cells arrangement from loose to tight,and crystal and storage cells became larger and more. Papillary-like bulge of epidermal cell wall showed a gradual increase in the outward convex shape,which could fully absorb the water. The variation in papillary-like to hair-like bulge of leaf epidermal cell wall indicated that water content in cells was decreased. More crystal in the leaf epidermal and stomata showed that the cuticle of epidermal cells and stomata of H. caspica could secrete salt.【Conclusion】H. caspica is an excessive mixed halophyte plant both aggregating salt and salt secreting. 300 mmol / L-500 mmol / L salt concentrations are the best salt concentrations for the growing of H. caspica,and leaf cell structure is normal under those salt concentrations.

关 键 词：盐穗木 盐胁迫 叶片 结构 解剖学 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]