最后一根救命稻草:以房养老的美国经验与在中国的实践  

Last Resort: Reverse Mortgages in the U.S. and China

作　　者：陈友华[1] 施旖旎[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院

出　　处：《国际经济评论》2016年第6期146-157,共12页International Economic Review

基　　金：陈友华主持的国家社会科学基金重点项目<完善人口和计划生育利益导向政策体系研究>(项目批准号:11AZD025)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：美国的以房养老只是作为老年人的最后一根救命稻草而存在。老年人住房反向抵押养老保险,是中国目前试图探索的多元化养老方式之一。然而,考虑到中国当前老年人住房情况,有住房所有权的老年人多不需要反向抵押贷款提高生活质量,以房养老的推行可能背离提高低收入老年人生活状况的初衷,并加剧代际矛盾和冲突。在当前法律体系和信用机制尚不完善的情况下,保险公司和老年人的权益都无法得到保障。即便双方都愿意冒险,也不能寄希望以房养老成为主流。Reverse mortgage has been taken as a 'last resort' option for the elderly people in the United States.China has also tried to use reverse mortgage as a financial tool to help low-income elderly homeowners sustain their life in retirement.However,the elderly people in China who own apartments or houses may not need to rely on the mortgage to improve the quality of life,while those who have financial problems may want to keep their property for their heirs.Given the porous legal and credit systems in China,the interests of both insurance companies and the elderly people may not be protected once disputes arise and reverse mortgage may not have a bright future in China.

关 键 词：以房养老 反向抵押贷款 老龄化 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济] D669.6[政治法律—政治学]