应用环境多介质逸度模型研究废旧电器拆解区多溴联苯醚的迁移及归趋  

Transfer and Fate of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in an Electrical Equipment Dismantling Area Using a Multimedia Fugacity Model

作　　者：薛南冬[1] 陈宣宇[2] 杨兵[1] 秦普丰[3] 龙雨[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]湖南省环境保护科学研究院,长沙410007 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第11期4326-4332,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571481);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(20150934)

摘　　要：利用Level(Ⅲ)逸度模型模拟了浙东某废旧电器拆解区域多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)3种同系物在大气、水体、土壤和沉积物中的分布及迁移通量.在稳态假设条件下3种PBDEs同系物在环境介质中浓度的模型模拟值与实测值吻合较好,验证了模型的可靠性,通过参数灵敏度分析表明PBDEs的基本性质如蒸气压、正辛醇/水分配系数、在介质中的半衰期是影响化合物在环境相中浓度分布的主要因素.研究发现,在废旧电器拆解区大气中PBDEs对下风向的地区可能造成一定程度的污染;当环境系统达到平衡时,在废旧电器拆解区PBDEs主要蓄积在土壤和沉积物中,占所有环境介质中PBDEs的95%以上,土壤和沉积物是PBDEs污染的重要二次污染源;PBDEs在介质间的迁移以大气-土壤和水体-沉积物途径为主;废旧电器拆解区土壤中降解是PBDEs在环境中消减最主要途径.研究结果将为废旧电器拆解区PBDEs污染的风险评估和控制提供依据.The multimedia fugacity model（ Ⅲ） was used to simulate the distribution,transfer and fate of typical polybrominated diphenyl ethers（ PBDEs） in air,water,soil and sediment in an electrical equipment dismantling area in eastern China. The modeling data were compared with monitored values in air,soil and sediment for validation purpose. Moreover,the transfer fluxes between different compartments were analyzed in order to infer the main transfer process. Parameters of the model were tested and the key parameters were identified using sensitivity analysis method for BDE47 and BDE209. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that vapor pressure,the lg Kowvalue and half-life had significant influence on concentrations of PBDEs in different media. The results showed that when the system reached equilibrium,most of the PBDEs would be accumulated in soil and sediment. The air advection outflow and soil degradation were the major routes for PBDEs to disappear in the area. The results will provide the basis for the risk management of PBDEs contamination.

关 键 词：多溴联苯醚(PBDEs) 多介质逸度模型 废旧电器拆解区域 迁移 归趋 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]