美国临床药师的工作职责及定位  

Job Responsibility and Career Anchor of Clinical Pharmacists in the United States

作　　者：张伶俐[1,2,3] 张扬[1,2,3,4] 曾力楠[1,2,3] 陈敏[1,2,3] 归舸 刘丹[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院药学部,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西第二医院循证药学中心,成都610041 [3]出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室,成都610041 [4]四川大学华西临床医学院,成都610041 [5]四川大学华西药学院,成都610041

出　　处：《中国药房》2016年第34期4753-4756,共4页China Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的:简要介绍美国临床药师的工作职责及定位,为我国发展临床药学实践提供参考。方法:描述性介绍美国药学服务实践模式沿革和临床药师的工作职责与工作内容,并预测临床药师未来发展趋势。结果与结论:美国临床药师自20世纪20年代初起参与为患者提供药学服务并逐步深入药物治疗管理中,多项研究证实药师在临床中的参与降低了药品不良反应发生率和患者住院风险、提高了患者的治疗效果和满意度等。其工作职责主要包括管理、临床、教学和科研等,工作内容包括医嘱审核、患者监护与查房、用药重整、用药记录、患者用药教育以及涉及基础、临床与管理的科研工作。临床药师未来的实践领域将由以住院部为主向门诊及家庭医疗服务领域拓展。美国临床药师实践模式对我国药学服务实践具有一定的借鉴意义。OBJECTIVE：To introduce briefly the job responsibilities and position of clinical pharmacist in the United States and provide experiences for developing clinical pharmaceutical care practice of in China.METHODS：The evolving mode of pharmaceutical care practice in the United States were introducted descriptively,and the job responsibilities and contents of clinical pharmacists and future perspectives were described.RESULTS ＆ CONCLUSIONS：In the United States,clinical pharmacists gradually participate in drug therapy management since they provided pharmaceutical care for patients in early 1920’s.Multiple studies confirmed that the participation of clinical pharmacists can reduce ADR and hospitalization risk,and improve therapeutic efficacy and satisfactory degree.The job responsibilities of pharmacists mainly include management,clinic,teaching and scientific research,etc.The job contents include checking the doctor’s advice,offering patient care and pharmaceutical ward round,carrying out medication reconciliation,medication record and medication education,undertaking relative research including basic medicine and clinical and management.In the future,the field of clinical pharmacists will transform from inpatient department to outpatient department and family healthcare service.The pattern of pharmacy practice in the United States can offer valuable experiences and references to pharmaceutical care in China.

关 键 词：美国 临床药师 工作职责 临床药学 药学实践 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]