上海市中小学生体力活动不足及影响因素调查  

Physical inactivity and its determinants among students in Shanghai

作　　者：杨东玲[1] 罗春燕[1] 周月芳[1] 虞瑾[1] 王鹏飞[1] 陆茜[1] 邹志勇[2] 郭常义[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,200336 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院儿童青少年卫生研究所

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第11期1627-1629,1633,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2012年卫生公益性行业科研专项(201202010)

摘　　要：目的了解上海市中小学生中等到高强度体力活动（MVPA）不足1 h的现状及其影响因素,为促进儿童青少年参加体力活动提供参考。方法多层整群抽取上海市中心城区和郊区共8个行政区16所中小学,对入选学校的9 583名中小学生开展问卷调查,收集学生体力活动情况。采用二分类Logistic逐步回归分析MVPA不足1 h的影响因素。结果上海市中小学生平均每天MVPA时间为0.55（0.21~1.07）h,70.1%的中小学生每天MVPA不足1 h,其中男生为67.7%,女生为72.8%,女生MVPA不足1 h的比例高于男生（χ~2=29.7,P〈0.01）。Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,女生（OR=1.272,95%CI=1.156~1.399）、年龄小（OR=0.906,95%CI=0.892~0.920）、孩子从不或很少和同学/朋友一起运动（OR=3.347,95%CI=2.303~4.864）、父母每天MVPA时间少（OR=0.793,95%CI=0.763~0.825）、家长很少给孩子留出运动时间（OR=1.412,95%CI=1.178~1.684）、学校下午没安排体育活动时间（不包括体育课时间）（OR=1.667,95%CI=1.496~1.858）是中小学生MVPA不足1 h的危险因素。结论 MVPA不足1 h现象在上海市中小学生中广泛存在,急需开展更多能够有效促进儿童青少年参加体力活动的工作。在开展促进活动时,需综合考虑学生自身、同伴、家长和学校等多方面因素的影响。Objective To investigate the proportion of moderate and rigorous physical activity（ MVPA） less than 1 h among students in Shanghai and to analyze associated determinants. Methods A total of 9 583 students were selected from 16 schools in 8 districts in Shanghai by stratified clustering sampling methods. Physical activity was assessed by self-report questionnaire survey. Logistic regression was used to analyze determinants of MVPA less than 1 h. Results The average MVPA time among students in Shanghai was 0.55（ 0.21-1.07） h per day. Nearly 70.1% of students reported MVPA less than 1 h, with girls higher than boys. The risk factors of MVPA less than 1 h were as following： girl（ OR = 1. 272, 95% CI = 1. 156- 1. 399）, young（ OR =0.906, 95%CI = 0.892-0.920）, rarely or never playing with friends（ OR = 3.347, 95% CI = 2.303- 4.864）, insufficient MVPA of parents（ OR = 0.793, 95%CI = 0.763-0.825）, little time left for exercise（ OR = 1.412, 95%CI = 1.178-1.684）, no physical activity arrangements in school（ except for physical education）（ OR = 1. 667, 95% CI = 1. 496- 1. 858）. Conclusion MVPA time less than 1 h is common among students in shanghai and might be related with several factors including student themselves, peer, parents and schools.

关 键 词：体育运动 回归分析 健康教育 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] G806[文化科学—教育技术学]