单眼先天性白内障形觉剥夺患者的眼轴发育特点  

The effects of form deprivation on axis length development in patients with unilateral congenitalcataract

作　　者：郑新宝[1] 黄钰森[2] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学山东省医学科学院医学与生命科学学院山东省眼科研究所,250062 [2]山东省医学科学院山东省眼科研究所青岛眼科医院,青岛266071

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2016年第11期685-688,共4页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划（省攻关）项目（2015GSF118070）;国家自然科学基金面上项目（81370996）;山东省医学科学院医药卫生科技创新工程

摘　　要：目的探讨单眼先天性白内障形觉剥夺眼眼轴发育的特点。方法回顾性系列病例研究。收集2009年3月至2015年7月在青岛眼科医院诊断为单眼先天性白内障并行手术治疗的90例患者资料，其中男46例，女44例，年龄2个月至14岁，平均（4．04±3．06）岁。根据年龄分为～6个月（11例），～1岁（6例），-3岁（20例），-5岁（20例），-14岁（33例）5个年龄段，采用配对t检验比较各年龄段患者的患眼与健眼眼轴长度的差异；根据患眼相对健眼眼轴长度的差异分为短眼轴患者（40例）和长眼轴患者（50例），分析随剥夺时间的延长，短眼轴患者、长眼轴患者在相应年龄段中所占比例的变化情况，以相关性检验分析患健眼眼轴长度差值与形觉剥夺时间的关系；根据晶状体混浊程度将患者分为全混型（24例）及非全混型（66例）。以多元回归分析形觉剥夺时间、晶状体混浊度、性别对患健眼眼轴长度差值的影响。结果～6个月组中患眼眼轴比健眼短（t=-4．80，P〈O．01）；-14岁组患眼眼轴比健眼长（t=54，P〈O．05）；其他3组患健眼眼轴长度差异均无统计学意义（t=-O．36、0．30、1．43，P〉O．05）。形觉剥夺时间与患健眼眼轴差值呈正相关（r=0．294，P〈O．01）。随年龄增长，长眼轴患者在相应年龄段中所占比例逐渐增加，短眼轴患者在相应年龄段中所占比例逐渐减少。多元回归分析显示患健眼眼轴差值随着形觉剥夺时间的延长而增大（r--O．142，P〈O．05），全混型对患健眼眼轴差值影响显著高于非全混型（r=O．819，P〈O．01），而性别对患健眼眼轴差值无影响（r=-O．017。P〉O．05）。结论单眼先天性白内障早期患眼眼轴比对侧健眼短，后期由于形觉剥夺造成患眼眼轴比对侧健眼长，全混型先天性白内障对眼轴发育影响大于非全混型。Objective To study the axial elongation resulting from form deprivation caused by unilateral congenital cataract. Methods This was a retrospective case-series study that included 90 patients with unilateral congenital cataract who underwent cataract surgery from March 2009 to July 2015 in the Qingdao Eye Hospital. Of those patients, aged 2 months to 14 years （mean 4.04＋3.06 years）, 46 were males and 44 were females. Patients were divided into 5 groups by age, ranging from -6 months （11 cases）, -1 year （6 cases）, -3 years （20 cases）, -5 years （20 cases） and -14 years （33 cases）. The axial lengths （AL） of the cataract eyes and fellow eyes were compared using a paired t test. Based on the differences in AL, patients were divided into 2 groups： one group had shorter ALs （40 cases） in the cataract eye and the other group had longer ALs （50 cases）. Linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between the form deprivation and the differences in AL length. Patients were divided into a full-opacity group （24 cases） and partial-opacity group （56 cases） based on the degree of lens opacity. Multiple regression was used to analyze the effects of form-deprivation duration, gender and degree of lens opacity on AL. Results AL was shorter in the cataract eyes inpatients aged -6 months （t=--4.80, P〈0.01）, and longer in patients aged -14 years （t=2.54, P〈0.05）. The differences in AL in the other 3 groups were not significant （t=-0.36, 0.30, 1.43, P〉0.05）. A con＇elation test showed that the difference in AL significantly increased with the duration of form deprivation （r=0.294, P〈0.01）, and the proportion of the patients in the group with longer ALs was greater in older children than in younger children. Multiple regression showed that the difference in AL increased with the duration of form deprivation （t=0.142, P〈0.05）, and the difference in AL was significantly higher in tile full opacity group （r=0.819, P〈0.01）. Gender did not signific

关 键 词：单眼 白内障 先天性 形觉剥夺 眼轴长度 

分 类 号：R776.1[医药卫生—眼科]