不同精粗比底物下添加复合营养调控剂对绵羊瘤胃微生物体外发酵的影响  

Effects of Complex Nutritional Regulation Additives on Sheep Rumen Microbial Fermentation in vitro Based on Different Concentrate to Forage Ratios

作　　者：梁静[1] 张文举[1] 王博[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第11期25-30,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303062)

摘　　要：为了探讨复合营养调控剂在不同精粗比条件下对绵羊瘤胃体外发酵的影响,试验采用两因素交叉分组试验设计,因素一设4个水平发酵底物,分别是粗料组(Ⅰ组);粗料+基础精料组(Ⅱ组);粗料+基础精料+复合配方1组(0.30%苹果酸、0.06%半胱胺、0.08%糖萜素)(Ⅲ组);粗料+基础精料+复合配方2组(0.60%苹果酸、0.12%半胱胺、0.16%糖萜素)(Ⅳ组),同时另设5个水平精粗比饲料(3∶7、4∶6、5∶5、6∶4、7∶3)。培养72h采样并测定培养液pH、NH3-N和VFA浓度。结果表明:随着精粗比增加,pH和NH3-N浓度下降,且精粗比为4∶6时,试验Ⅲ组较Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组分别降低3.23%、2.22%(P>0.05);乙酸浓度、乙/丙、甲烷排出等随着精料比增加呈下降趋势,丙酸呈升高趋势。在不同精粗比条件下,补饲精料组之间pH、NH3-N浓度差异均不显著(P>0.05)。随着精粗比增大,pH、NH3-N浓度呈下降趋势,发酵产气量呈上升趋势。与补饲基础精料组相比,基础精料中添加以苹果酸、半胱胺、糖萜素配制而成的复合营养调控剂可降低发酵液中NH3-N浓度、乙酸浓度、乙/丙值、甲烷排出量,同时升高丙酸浓度,改善瘤胃发酵类型。The experiment aimed to study the impact of complex nutritional regulation additives under conditions of different forage to concentrate on sheep rumen fermentation. Two-way classification experiment was designed and carried out. Factor one set up four levels of fermentable substrate, roughage（group Ⅰ ）; roughage ＋ basic concentrate （group Ⅱ ）;roughage＋ basic concentrate ＋ complex formulation group 1（0.3% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin） （group [U）; roughage ＋ basic concentrate＋complex formulation group 2 （0.6% malic acid, 0.12% cysteamine, 0.16% saccharicterpenin） （group IV） respectively. Five levels of fermentable substrate were simultaneously set up（3 ： 7, 4 ： 6, 5 ： 5, 6 ： 4, 7 ： 3）. The roughage was collected in Yili Zhaosu grazing pasture, and cultivated for 72 hours for sampling and measurement of pH, NH3-N and VFA concentration in broth. The results showed with the increase Of the forage to concentrate ratios, the pH and ammonia-N concentration decreased, when the forage ratio was 4 ： 6, group Ⅲ decreased by 3.23%（P〉0.05）and 2. 22%（P〉0.05） compared with group Ⅱ and group IV respectively, the acetic acid concentration, acetate/propionate ratio and the methane discharge showed a downward trend, and the propionic acid showed an increasing trend. In summary, un- der different forage ratio conditions, the difference with pH value, ammonia-N concentration between feeding concentrate group was significant. With the increase of forage to concentrate ratios, the pH and ammonia-N concentration decreased, fermentation gas production showed an upward trend. Compared with feed- ing basic concentrate group, the compound formula formulated by malic acid, cysteamine and saccharicterpenin could reduce ammonia-N concentration, acetic acid concentration, acetate/propionate ratio and the methane discharge, simultaneously increase propionic acid concentration and improve rumen fermentation style.

关 键 词：精粗比 复合营养调控剂 体外发酵 绵羊瘤胃 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]