《西游记》命名的来源——兼谈《西游记》杂剧的作者  

The Origin of the Name XIYOUJI(Journey to the West)

作　　者：李小龙[1] LI Xiao-long(School of Chinese Language and Literature, BNU, Beijing 100875, China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第6期69-77,共9页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"中国古典小说命名方式与叙事世界建构之关系研究"(10CZW041)

摘　　要：在《西游记》研究史上,丘处机《长春真人西游记》一书的存在主要与《西游记》作者的探讨联系在一起,人们几乎忽略了二书相似的命名。不过,由于丘处机的西游使道教地位遽升,从而激化了佛道二教的矛盾,导致了数次佛道大辩论,并以道教的失败告终,引起当时对《道藏》的大规模禁毁,于是,《长春真人西游记》长期未为人所知,所以虽然二名相近,但似并无因袭关系。梳理唐僧西天取经故事的源流,第一次以"西游记"为名的是元人吴昌龄的《西游记》杂剧,此剧孙楷第先生曾指为杨景贤之作,实不可信,仍以吴氏为当。从《西游记》杂剧现存孤本中可以看到将此剧与《西厢记》联系在一起的文献记录,可以推测,《西游记》一名实为吴昌龄仿拟《西厢记》而成,然后,取经故事也被纳入到这个命名之中,直到最后《西游记》小说使这一命名成为取经故事的总名。In the history of the study of XIYOUJI（Journey to the West）,QIU Chu-ji＇s Changchun Zhenren Xiyouji（Zhangchun Zhenren＇s Travel to the West）is usually associated with WU Cheng-en＇s XIYOUJI;in fact,people were almost ignorant of the similar names of the two books.QIU＇s story quickly promoted the status of the Taoism,which intensified the conflict between Buddhism and Taoism and caused several times of mass debates.These debates ended in the failure of Taoism and at the same time led to the destruction of classical Buddhist works in large scale.Under that condition,QIU＇s work remained unknown for a long time.That is,the two books bear similar names,but have no inheritance relation at all.In fact,the name of XIYOUJI（Journey to the West）should be coined by WU Chang-ling who imitated the love story of XIXIANGJI（The Romance of West Chamber）.

关 键 词：西游记 长春真人西游记 西游记杂剧 西厢记 

分 类 号：I109[文学—世界文学]