不同强度有氧运动周期训练疲劳模型大鼠心肌形态变化及超量恢复规律  

Morphological changes of myocardium and over-recovery law in model rats undergoing different intensities of periodic aerobic training

作　　者：张静[1] 张丽娜[2] 阳仁均 胡尧[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学,四川省成都市611137 [2]成都体育学院,四川省成都市610041

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第49期7364-7370,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：四川省教育厅面上项目(11ZB043)~~

摘　　要：背景:"超量恢复理论"是运动训练的基础理论,而有关内脏的超量恢复研究较少,心脏在有氧运动训练后的超量恢复更是鲜见报道。目的:观察不同有氧运动周期训练后大鼠心肌组织的形态改变,以及心脏功能在训练结束后连续72 h的恢复规律。方法:将132只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(n=6)、单周期组(n=42)、双周期组(n=42)及三周期组(n=42),后3组按照递增负荷的方式(从负重3%到负重6%)进行为期1周的适应性游泳,然后进行以有氧运动为主的游泳运动模型,按各自不同运动量的训练周期对大鼠进行周期性游泳训练,单周期组的训练强度最小,三周期组训练强度最大,双周期组训练强度居中。训练后于设定时间点进行取材,测定心肌组织肌酸激酶、超氧化物岐化酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶的变化;取左心尖部分组织经包埋切片后行苏木精-伊红染色观察。结果与结论:(1)运动后即刻:随着训练强度的增大,心肌组织的病理改变更明显;(2)单周期组超氧化物岐化酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、谷草转氨酶出现超量恢复,且显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),其超量恢复出现在运动后12-36 h;双周期组各指标均出现超量恢复,显著高于正常对照组(P<0.05),其超量恢复出现时间点在运动后24-48 h;三周期组仅琥珀酸脱氢酶在12 h出现超量恢复(P<0.05),其余指标均未出现超量恢复,且各项指标在整个恢复过程中持续低迷,疑似出现过度疲劳;(3)结果表明,三周期组训练强度过大,单周期及双周期组训练安排以双周期较好,建议实际有氧运动训练采用双周期训练模式。BACKGROUND： ＂Over-recovery theory＂ is the basic theory of sports training, but study about the visceral over-recovery is few, let alone about heart after aerobic exercise. OBJECTIVE： To observe the morphological changes of myocardial tissue in rats after different cycles of aerobic exercise, and the recovery pattern of heart function within 72 hours. METHODS： 132 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into groups of control（n=6）, single-cycle（low-intensity exercise, n=42）, double-cycle（moderate-intensity exercise, n=42）, and triple-circle（high-intensity exercise, n=42）. Rats in the latter three groups underwent 1-week adaptive swimming in accordance with the way of increasing load（from 3% to 6%）, followed by aerobic exercise of swimming according to their corresponding training cycle. Subsequently, samples were collected to detect the levels of creatine kinase, superoxide dismutase, succinic dehydrogenase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase in myocardial tissue; left cardiac apex tissues after embedded section were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：（1） Compared with the control group, the morphological changes of myocardial tissue immediately after exercise became more obvious with the increasing intensity.（2） Compared with the control group, significantly increased levels of superoxide dismutase, succinic dehydrogenase and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase conld be found in the single-cycle group（P 〈0.05）, and showed over-recovery at 12-36 hours after exercise; all indicators were significantly increased in the double-cycle group showing over-recovery at 24-48 hours（P 〈0.05）; while in the triple-circle group, succinic dehydrogenase exhibited over-recovery only（P 〈0.05）, and each indicator level was low probably indicating over fatigue.（3） These findings suggest that compared with the triple-cycle highintensity training, single-cycle and double-cycle training will be better, and it is advisable to undergo double-cycle

关 键 词：动物 实验 心肌 运动试验 实验动物 运动系统动物模型 单周期 双周期 三周期 周期训练 运动强度 有氧供能 超量恢复 SD大鼠 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]